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A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.For more information, please contact eprints@nottingham.ac.uk Financial disclosure: The other authors have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. Outcomes of nosocomial viral respiratory infections in high-risk neonates Conflicts of interest:The other authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose. Abbreviations:VRTIs -viral respiratory tract infections BPD -bronchopulmonary dysplasia NICU -neonatal intensive care unit NEC -necrotising enterocolitis CPAP -continuous positive airway pressure Bi-PAP -bi-level positive airway pressure HFOV -high frequency ventilation ECMO -extracorporeal membrane oxygenation RT-PCR -real time polymerase chain reaction RVP -respiratory viral panel NHS -National Health Service What's Known on This SubjectViral respiratory tract infections cause severe respiratory morbidity in ex-preterm infants after NICU discharge. They are now recognized to be more prevalent in the NICU but their longterm impact, prior to discharge, during this early period of life is unclear. What This Study AddsThis study identifies the adverse impact viral respiratory infections, particularly rhinovirus, have on newborn infants during their initial NICU admission. Identification of the associated significant respiratory morbidity and healthcare costs should focus efforts on reducing these nosocomially acquired infections. Contributors' Statements:Dr Don Sharkey conceptualized and designed the study, drafted the initial manuscript, and approved the final manuscript as submitted.Drs Shairbanu Zinna, Arthi Lakshmanan, Shin Tan, Shiu Soo, Lisa Szatkowski and Miss Rebecca McClaughry and Mr Martin Clarkson carried out the data collection, initial analyses, reviewed and revised the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript as submitted.All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work. ABSTRACTBackground Neonatal respiratory disease, particularly bronchopulmonary dysplasia, remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in newborn infants. There is increasing evidence that nosocomially acquired viral respiratory tract infections (VRTIs) are not uncommon in the neonatal intensive care unit but there are few studies on their impact on neonatal respiratory outcomes and the associated healthcare costs. This study aimed to assess the association between nosocomial VRTI and neonatal respiratory disease.

The study identified a modest decrease in incidence and improvements in nursing care following the implementation of the care plan. It suggests that Braden scores are predictive of those at-risk of developing pressure ulcers.

While researchers are trying to solve the world's energy woes, hydrogen is becoming the key component in sustainable energy systems. Hydrogen could be produced through photocatalytic water-splitting technology. It has also been found that hydrogen and methane could be produced through photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide with water. In this exploratory study, instead of coating catalysts on a substrate, pellet form of catalyst, which has better adsorption capacity, was used in the photo-reduction of carbon dioxide with water. In the experiment, some water was first absorbed into titanium dioxide pellets. Highly purified carbon dioxide gas was then discharged into a reactor containing these wet pellets, which were then illuminated continuously using UVC lamps. Gaseous samples accumulated in the reactor were extracted at different intervals to analyze the product yields. The results confirmed that methane and hydrogen were photosynthesized using pellet form of TiO 2 catalysts. Hydrogen was formed at a rate as high as 0.16 micromoles per hour (mmol h À1). The maximum formation rate of CH 4 was achieved at 0.25 mmol h À1 after 24 h of irradiation. CO was also detected.