Background: Today, COVID-19 pandemic has brought countries' health services into sharp focus. Despite the low incidence of cases(1.2%) and high mortality rate(2.4%) among Turkish population, the low mortality rate(0.3%) despite the high incidence(11.5%) declared in healthcare workers drew our group's attention. Therefore, we aimed to report the characteristics of infected health-care workers and investigate the relationship between BCG vaccine and tuberculosis history with COVID-19 mortality in infected health-care worker population.
Method: This study was conducted in three hospitals to assess the clinical presentations, disease severity and correlation with BCG vaccine and tuberculous history in COVID-19 positive health-care workers by an online questionnaire platform. The relationship between characteristics and tuberculosis history were investigated according to hospitalization status of the patients.
Result: Total of 465 infected healthcare workers included in the study. The rate of history of direct care and contact to tuberculosis patient, presence of previous tuberculosis treatment and BCG scar, presence of radiological infiltrations was significantly higher in hospitalized healthcare workers. The ratio of direct care and direct contact to the patient with tuberculosis, and presence of family history of tuberculosis were statistically significantly higher in patients with radiological infiltrations.
Conclusion: Although COVID-19 risk and incidence are higher among healthcare workers compared to the normal population due to higher virus load, we think that the lower mortality rate seen in infected healthcare workers results from healthcare workers' frequent exposure to tuberculosis bacillus and the mortality-reducing effects of BCG vaccine, despite the higher hospitalization rate and radiological infiltrations due to over-triggered immune system.
The rates and kind of oral anticoagulant use, TTR in vitamin K antagonist users and main management modality applied in non-valvular AF patients will be determined by AFTER-2 study. In addition, the rate of major adverse events (MACEs) and the independent predictors of these MACEs will be detected (AFTER-2 Study ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02354456.).
Ultra-high-strength Martensitic 1400 steel is preferred in the automotive industry because of its high strength as well as its light weight. In this study, Martensitic 1400 steel was subjected to the V-bending process. As a result of 48 different tests, the amount of springback resulting from the V-bending process was determined. A finite element (FE) model was then created based on these experimental data. After it was determined that the experimental results concurred with the FE model, without performing new experiments, further analyses were carried out at different temperatures. Using the results of a total of 96 FE analyses, variance analysis was performed and the effects of the operation parameters on springback were determined. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the most effective parameter on springback in the V-bending process was the die angle and that holding time had no significant effect. It was observed that the springback increased in parallel with the punch radius and die angle and that increases in temperature reduced the springback.
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