Nanoindentation technique was used to characterize the mechanical properties of Gd-deposited bulk YBaCuO superconductors fabricated by solid-state reaction method. In order to determine the hardness and reduced modulus of the samples, load-displacement data were analysed by using the Oliver-Pharr method. The hardness values exhibited significant peak load-dependence especially at lower peak loads, while the reduced modulus values were found to be nearly constant at studied loading range. In order to find true hardness of the samples, the peak load-dependency of hardness was analysed by using Meyer's law, minimum resistance model, elastic/plastic deformation model, energy balance model, Nix-Gao model and Mukhopadhyay approach. Of the aforementioned models, energy balance model and Mukhopadhyay approach were found to be the most effective models to explain the load-dependency of hardness.
H igh temperature shape memory alloys (HTSMA) with are potentially engineered to operate at temperatures above 100 ° C in the automotive, aerospace, and manufacturing industries. The HTSMA can be categorized into three groups depending on the transformation temperatures. First group; 100-400 ° C, the second group is 400-700 ° C and the third group is alloys having temperatures above 700 ° C [1].There are many high temperature shape memory alloys in the literature. Some of these are Ni-Ti-X (X = Pt, Pd, Hf, Zr), Ni-Al, Cu-Al-Ni, Ni-Mn-Ga and Ti-Ta alloys [2][3][4]. These alloys have many problems that limit their practical application. The Ni-Ti-Pd / Pt alloy is quite expensive due to the Pd / Pt content. Ni-Ti-Hf / Zr alloys have poor cold workability [1]. Ni-Mn-Ga alloys are cracked at relatively high temperatures [5]. Ni-Al alloy is virtually no plastic at room temperature [1]. Cu-Al-Ni alloys have brittle phase deposits that cause poor ductility at grain boundaries of 1 mm size and large grains [6]. However, the density of all these high temperature shape memory alloys is still relatively high (6,4 -9 gr/cm 3 ). The high density of these alloys does not meet the demand for weight reduction in aerospace applications [7]. For this reason, it is necessary to produce and develop lighter high temperature shape
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