Objectives: To determine whether pregnant women who have reactive hypoglycemia during the 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) are at an increased risk of poor pregnancy outcomes. Material and methods:We retrospectively analyzed perinatal data from 413 women who underwent a 3 h OGTT at 24-28 weeks of gestation and gave birth in our clinics between January 2012 and December 2014.Results: According to OGTT results, the majority of the subjects were normoglycemic (n = 316, 76.5%), while 49 (11.9%) were diagnosed with gestational diabetes, and 33 (8.0%) had single high glucose values. Reactive hypoglycemia was detected in only 15 patients (3.6%). The mean age of the women in the reactive hypoglycemia group was significantly lower than that of the women in the gestational diabetes and single high glucose value groups (26.4 ± 4.4 years, 31.4 ± 5.4 years, and 31.8 ± 4.3 years, respectively; p < 0.05). The newborns of the women in the reactive hypoglycemia group had higher rates of APGAR scores < 7, increased admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and lower birth weights compared with the other groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.009, respectively). Conclusion:Reactive hypoglycemia during the 3 h 100 g OGTT is significantly associated with low APGAR scores, low birth weights, and prenatal admission to the NICU. Therefore, pregnant women who develop hypoglycemia during the 100 g OGTT performed at 24-28 weeks of gestation should receive attentive follow-up care to decrease the possibility of adverse perinatal outcomes.
Both PPH and iNO may negatively effect in vitro coagulation tests. Therefore, newborns with PPH requiring iNO treatment should be closely monitored for coagulation problems.
Long QT syndrome develops for a number of reasons. The number of non-antiarrhythmic drugs reported to induce QT interval prolongation with or without torsade de pointes continues to increase. Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic being increasingly used for the treatment of atypical pneumonia. In this paper, we describe a patient who developed long QT prolongation syndrome after receiving clarithromycin for the treatment of atypical pneumonia.
Ge liş ta ri hi/ Re cei ved: 16.11.2013 Ka bul ta ri hi/Ac cep tedAim: The aim of the study was to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the mothers about the factors increasing breast milk. Materials and Methods: This study is a questionnaire-based study. Three hundred mothers living in İzmir were interviewed regarding their opinions and attitudes about their breastfeeding experiences and the factors increasing breast milk. Results: The mean age of mothers' was 35.13 ± 9.16 (19-69) years and the mean parity was 1.8±1 (1-7) times. University graduates constituted 44% of the study population, whereas 20.3% was high school graduates, 8.3% was secondary school graduates, 25.7% was primary school graduates. The mean duration of exclusive breast feeding was 4.35±3.27 (1-36) months, the mean duration of total breast feeding was 9.35±8.65 months. Most of the mothers (95.7%) thought that food, beverages and drugs could increase the amount of breast milk. Mothers were in the opinion that water (95%), buttermilk (81.3%), cow's milk (79.3%), tahini halva (78.7%) and onion (77.7%) are effective in increasing the breast milk. Conclusion: Many drugs, food and medical plants are considered as galactogogues. In our region, water, butter milk, cow's milk, onion tahini halva and cowpea are believed to increase the amount of breast milk. Although the mechanisms are not fully known, these food and beverages are commonly used during breastfeeding period. ÖZETAmaç: Toplumun anne sütünün arttırılması ile ilgili görüş ve yaklaşımların araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma İzmir ilinde araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 300 annenin emzirme deneyimlerinin ve anne sütü arttırdığını düşündükleri faktörlerin sorgulandığı anket bazlı bir çalışmadır. Bulgular: Annelerin ortalama yaşları 35,13±9,16 (19-69) yıl ve ortalama doğum sayısı 1,8±1 (1-7) adet idi. Annelerin %44'ü üniversite mezunu, %25,7'si ilkokul mezunu, % 20,3'ü lise mezunu %8,3'ü ortaokul mezunu idi. Sadece anne sütü verme süresi ortalama 4,35±3,27 ay (1-36); toplam anne sütü verme süresi ortalama 9,35±8,65 aydı. Annelerin çoğu (%95,7) yiyecek, içecek ve ilaçlarla anne sütünün artabileceğini düşünmekteydi. Annelerin %95'i suyun, %81,3'ü ayranın, %79,3'ü inek sütünün, %78,7'si tahin helvasının, %77,7'si soğanın anne sütü arttırmada etkin olduğunu belirtmiştir. Sonuç: Birçok ilaç, yiyecek ve şifalı bitkiler galaktogog (anne sütünü arttırıcı) olarak bilinmektedir. Bölgemizde su, ayran, inek sütü, soğan, börülce gibi anne sütünü arttırdığı düşünülen yiyecek ve içecekler etki mekanizmaları bilinmemekle birlikte emzirme döneminde sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır.
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