It was determined that male adolescents with high levels of Internet addiction also had high smartphone addiction levels. On the other hand, sociodemographic variables had no statistically significant effect on smartphone addiction. A number of studies in the relevant literature examined the effects of Internet addiction on adolescents' smartphone addiction. However, findings of this study are unique because they are specific to the Turkish culture, and there is a limited database in Turkey regarding this issue. The researchers believe that the findings of this study will be beneficial to show the importance of the issue in the international arena and to guide further studies to prevent this addiction because there is no reliable database about smartphone addiction in Turkey.

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The study's results showed that PDSS-T is a valid and reliable instrument for detecting Turkish-speaking children's and adolescents' daytime sleepiness. PDSS-T is convenient for professionals to prevent and manage daytime sleepiness.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the affect that metacognitive awareness in nursing students has on self-confidence and anxiety with respect to clinical decision-making. Design and methods:The sample for this descriptive, correlational, and crosssectional study consisted of 186 nursing students who voluntarily participated. Data were collected using the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory and Nursing Anxiety and Self-Confidence with Clinical Decision-Making Scale. Correlation and regression analyses were then performed on the data.Findings: Nursing students' metacognitive awareness level explained the three subdimensions of self-confidence in clinical decision-making by 26.7% (r 2 = 0.267, p < 0.01), 24.6% (r 2 = 0.246, p < 0.01), and 26.8% (r 2 = 0.268, p < 0.01), respectively.Nursing students' metacognitive awareness level explained the three subdimensions of anxiety in clinical decision-making by 3.7% (r 2 = 0.037, p < 0.01), 3.2% (r 2 = 0.03, p < 0.05), and 2.4% (r 2 = 0.024, p < 0.05), respectively.Implications for nursing practice: Clinical decision-making skills can be supported by increasing students' metacognitive awareness.

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Objective To examine the effect of parental feeding styles and children’s self-efficacy and social anxiety on adolescent obesity. Methods The samples of this descriptive and cross-sectional study were collected by using a simple sampling method. The study group was composed of 649 Turkish secondary schools students and their parents. Three secondary schools were selected from both rural and urban areas of the province. Data of the study were collected with the child-parent socio-demographic data collection form, the parenting feeding style questionnaire, the middle school self-efficacy scale and the social anxiety scale for the adolescent. To analyze the data of the study, we used percentages, mean, correlation, and regression analysis. Results The average age of the students was 11.58+1.21 years and percentages of female students 55.0%. The factors that significantly affect male adolescent obesity were fear of social situations in general, interpersonal relations, preventive healthcare self-efficacy, and strict dietary control, respectively. The factors affect male adolescent obesity at the rate of 35.0%. The factors that significantly affect female adolescent obesity were fear of social situations in general, preventive healthcare self-efficacy, emotional feeding, social evasion and distress in new situations, and tolerant dietary control, respectively. These factors affect female adolescent obesity at the rate of 32.8%. Conclusion It is indicated that the obesity of children is affected by self-efficacy levels, social anxiety, and the parental feeding style.

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