The study aimed to determine the effect of principals' learning leadership and innovative behaviour in implementing School-Based Management in SD Negeri Dolok Pardamean District, Simalungun Regency in 2021. This type of research was explanatory, so the appropriate method used was the survey method of 15 school principals as research respondents. The research instrument is a questionnaire containing 25 positive and negative statements with five answer choices located on a continuum line according to the Likert scale model and in the form of a closed questionnaire. Before being used, the questionnaire has been tested, and the results can be used as a research instrument. Data analysis techniques include descriptive analysis, requirements analysis tests, and hypothesis testing. Descriptive analysis was conducted to obtain an overview of the data from each research variable which was shown through the mean, median, mode, frequency distribution, and graphs. To identify the trend of each research variable, the average ideal score (Mi) and the ideal standard deviation (SDi) were used. Supported by the very strong learning leadership and innovative behaviour of the primary school principal; (3) Based on hypothesis testing, the results of the calculation of the value of th tt at a significance level of 0.05 are 5.96 2.02. The conclusion that there is a significant influence on learning leadership and innovative behaviour of elementary school principals in implementing School-Based Management is accepted as true.
This research aims to formulate the pattern of turn-taking of conversation in traditional wedding ceremony in three speech situations. This research applies descriptive qualitative method. Field data, documentation and direct observation were carried out. The content of the utterances containing turn taking was verified to the expert of marhata. The analysis was based on the content and sequence to find the recurring patterns using conversation analysis approach. The research findings showed that the three rules of turn taking were applicable. Yet, the first rule was more dominant in every speech situation. It referred to the reference of kinship and the use of pronoun. When the speaker from the man's side gave turn taking to the woman's side, addresses system was used as a reference to the speaker of the woman's side while the speaker from the woman's side used personal pronoun to give turn to the man's side.
This research deals with the logical meanings of the clause complexes in the Batak Toba People wedding speeches. The problem investigated deals with the types of the logical meanings existed in the traditional wedding speeches of the Batak Toba people and the way each of those types is created. The theoretical frameworks in this research are the logical meanings and the logico-semantic relation theories. The research design refers to an object as multiple realities as a qualitative research. The research subject is the Batak Toba people creating the wedding speeches in the wedding ceremony. The object is the logical meaning in the structure of a clause complex. The data are 142 clause complexes from the 15 recorded wedding speeches. The technique of the data collection and analysis follow the concept of the researcher concurrent activities, they are data collection, reduction, display, and drawing conclusion. The findings are that the logical meanings the Batak Toba people wedding speeches are expansion, such as elaboration, extension, and enhancement; and projection, such as locution projection, idea projection and idea.
The purpose of this researchwas to find out how the Think Talk Write (TTW) Strategy affects students' descriptive text writing skills, particularly with regard to generic structure. The research design used for this quantitative study was a quasi-experimental one. 397 students from SMA Negeri 3 Pematangsiantar's class X make up the sample population. The sample was chosen using purposeful sampling. The sample was divided into the experimental and control groups. A 34-student experimental class called Class X IPA 6 was taught using the Think Talk Write (TTW) Strategy. 34 students in Class X IPA 2 make up the control group, who receive traditional instruction. The instrument for gathering data was a writing test. The results of data analysis using the t-test formula showed that the t-test value was greater than the t-table value (t-test t-table = 2,5 1.668). The results show that while Ho is rejected, Ha is accepted. It is therefore possible to draw the conclusion that the Think Talk Write (TTW) strategy significantly affects students' capacity to write descriptive text.
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