Free online resources are user-friendly technologies which have become available through the Internet in recent years and gaining popularity during Covid-19. Since learners use smartphones, free online resources are easily accessible. Books are portable, but learners find it somewhat difficult to learn English language via books which may only be available in the classroom context, whereas free online resources are easily accessed. The purpose of this study is to identify learners’ perception learning English via free online resources and traditional learning. Quantitative and qualitative methods were employed in the present study. Twenty-five international pre-elementary intensive English students took part in this study. It was found that learners perceived the free online resources as valuable tools for learning English in relation to reading, conversation, and vocabulary and also free online resources help promote free learning norms in learning the English language. The learners also had constructive attitudes towards free online resources. Free online resources always provide a motivating learning environment, enhance learners’ analytical and critical thinking skills, and encourage social interaction between teachers and learners, learners and their peers, and learners and other participants.

Social distancing and other protocols required during the COVID-19 pandemic have been particularly difficult for students who are disabled, especially hearing impairments students. During the Covid-19, many disabled students were impacted physically, mentally and their interactions may have been hindered. That could be one of the barriers for full and active participation in society during the Covid- 19. Therefore, this study aims to discover the challenges faced by hearing impairment students how it affects the communication and mainstreaming process. The data was collected from ten hearing impairments students and analysed qualitatively. The participants were aged between 19-22 and currently studying foundation programme in culinary arts in a skill transformation center. The participants were interviewed using impromptu interview questions via WhatsApp, which lasted about ten minutes for each participant. The findings show that there were four challenges faced by the hearing impairment students; hearing devices, disruption to comprehend the lesson, not familiar with the online devices and emotionally affected during online classes. The findings further reveal that the hearing impairment students hampered their social interactions skills towards others during the pandemic. It is hoped the findings would be useful for academicians, counsellors, doctors and other job professions to explore further research on hearing impairments and the framing of methodology to assist the hearing impairments in engaging with the society during the pandemic.

The study focuses on the language use of Bangladeshi graduates and how they deal with the local Bengali language with English as an international language. The study investigates whether the perception of ELP promotes identity transmission or transgression. The study is conducted with a mixed-method approach using a triangulation research design with a convergence model. Questionnaire data were collected from 370 respondents consisting of three groups of graduates according to educational qualifications, income level, and living places. The findings indicate that ELP may be disadvantageous to the local culture and results in the use of mixed languages. The results suggest that ELP accelerates a form of language and cultural transgression that reshapes personality and erodes the traditional local culture and heritage language identity among Bangladeshi graduates.

Malaysia faces several environmental issues, such as rising sea levels, water pollution, air pollution, climate changes, acid rain and soil erosion for the past few years. It is important to save the environment because by doing so, it will not only attract more tourists from foreign countries to come for vacation in Malaysia, but it also encourages manufacturers and consumers to support green product. Therefore, Malaysia should allocate the use of green products in daily life. Still, there are marketers who face problems in identifying and specifying factors that influence consumers to go green, which are; price, knowledge, eco-label and social influences. The environmental problem as well as lack of literature research about green products purchasing intention and minor companies that are involved in green production are also one of the problems that lead to the difficulties of this allocation. This research aims to identify the relationship between price, knowledge, eco-label and social influences towards consumer green purchase intention in Petaling Jaya. A theoretical model was developed and tested using quantitative survey approach. The data collection which are designed in five Likert-scale were gained from random 150 respondents in Petaling Jaya based on non-probability sampling. The results indicate that the most significant relationship between consumer green purchase intention is price. While knowledge, eco-label and social influences play important role too in influencing consumer purchasing intention towards green product although they do not give the most significant relationship. It is concluded that price sensitivity is found to be relative and consumers are willing to buy green product if the price of the green product is the same as the other non-environmental-friendly product.

It seems that many English language learners have deficiency to write persuasively. This portent has been observed among university students, particularly those from technical fields. Therefore, the present study examines the use of ethos, pathos and logos in persuasive email writing and determines if these features were used appropriately. The participants involved in this research were 43 third-year Malaysian engineering students. The task evaluated was persuasive email writing, and the data was obtained from an official university website forum. The data was analysed qualitatively by using Aristotelian rhetorical theory. The results show that there were some persuasive techniques used by the students in their email writing. It appears that the appeal to pathos was preferred highly in directly connecting with the emotions of the instructors. This was followed by appeals to ethos, where the students used their own ethicality and credibility to persuade the instructor into giving them an extension deadline of their classwork. The findings further revealed that appeal to logos were not used in a very persuasive manner, which could also due to avoiding logical fallacies. Therefore, the present study shows the engineering students prefer to link with emotions in their email writing in achieving their goals.