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Aim: We compared the ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Ketac Molar Easymix (KM) to repair furcal perforations in extracted human molars, based on the volume of methylene blue dye penetration. Methodology: In total, 44 human mandibular molars were divided randomly into two (n = 20 each) experimental groups, with two teeth used as positive controls and two teeth without perforations used as negative controls. Group 1 was repaired with MTA and group 2 with Ketac Molar Easymix. The volumetric determination of dye penetration was based on the molecular characteristics of methylene blue. The standard area of a methylene blue particle is known and the surface area can be calculated. We converted the dye penetration area into a volume and performed quantitative analyses. Results: Volume measurement using the dye penetration method showed that KM resulted in more microleakage than MTA (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Mineral trioxide aggregate resulted in significantly less dye leakage than Ketac Molar Easymix using a volumetric measurement method.   How to cite this article: Kaya S,  Ganidağlı Ayaz S, Doğan MS,  Aydın H. Comparing MTA and Ketac Molar Easymix for furcation perforation repair using a volumetric method. Int Dent Res 2011;1:13-17.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 20-min applications of MTAD and 15% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solutions during final irrigation on the demineralization of root canal dentin. Methodology: Forty mandibular and maxillary single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into two groups. During initial irrigation following the use of each file, 2 mL of 2.5% sodium hypochloride (NaOCl) solution was applied to all teeth. During final irrigation, 5 mL of EDTA solution was applied to the teeth in Group 1 and 5 mL MTAD solution was applied to the teeth in Group 2. Both solutions were applied for 20 min. All teeth were then washed with 5 mL distilled water and dried with paper points. The teeth were buccolingually bisected along the long axes using hammers and chisels. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images were then obtained and scored. Results: Mann-Whitney U tests revealed significant differences between the MTAD and EDTA groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions:The EDTA solution produced more demineralized areas in the dentin tubules than the MTAD solution.

Aim: This study compared smear-layer and debris removal using with three different application times of 17% EDTA and 7% maleic acid irrigation agents. Methodology: Fifty-two maxillary and mandibular single-rooted teeth were divided randomly into seven groups (n = 8 each, control group n = 4). Three groups received 17% EDTA and three received maleic acid (1, 5, 10 min). Canals were prepared using nickel-titanium rotary files. Smear-layer and debris removal were evaluated in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the teeth using scanning electron microscopy, and results were analyzed compared using Mann–Whitney U tests. Results: Maleic acid removed the smear layer (coronal and middle: p<0.01; apical: p<0.05) and debris (all p< 0.05) more effectively than EDTA in terms of 1 min application period. Effectiveness did not differ significantly with 10-min applications. Conclusions: Final irrigation with 7% maleic acid is more efficient than 17%EDTA in the removal of smear layer and debris from the coronal, middle and apical third of the root canal system in application within 1 min.  How to cite this article: Kaya S, Adıgüzel Ö, Ganidağlı Ayaz S. Effectiveness of Three Different Application Times of 17% EDTA and 7% Maleic Acid Irrigation Agents on the Removal of Debris and Smear Layer: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. Int Dent Res 2011;2:48-54. Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.