Ibuprofen is a widely used pharmaceutical because of its therapeutic properties; it is considered a safe medicament, thus it does not require medical prescription to be sold. However, in order to ensure consumer's health it is indispensable that the pharmaceutical industry relies on analytic methods for its quantification. Potentiometry has proven to be a successful technique using second type electrodes, which in agreement with Nernst's equation can detect anions activity. On consideration of this, this research work presents the development of a second type electrode based on the silver/silver ibuprofenate pair. This involved modifying a pure silver wire using a sodium ibuprofenate solution, to obtain the redox pair. The following analytic parameters were obtained with the aid of the modified electrode: a sensitivity of -0.049 V decade [ibuprofenate] −1 , 8 µmol L -1 for the detection limit and a quantification limit of 1.2 µmol L -1 . The repeatability value in terms of the relative standard deviation was 5.9%. After performing an interferences analysis using some ions and excipients, it was corroborated that there were none, thus allowing appropriate quantification on a real sample.
Nonsteroidal antiinflamatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most used drugs due to their analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflamatory properties. Within this group of pharmaceutical compounds, Ibuprofen (acid-α-methyl-4(isobutyl)-phenylacetic is found. It is useful for treating headaches and arthritis. To assure consumer’s health, it is necessary to develop analytical methodologies to allow an accurate and exact quantification of ibuprofen. Potentiometry has demonstrated to be an advantageous technique, standing out the use of second type electrodes, which in accordance with the Nernst equation can detected anions activities. Considering this last, in this work we present the development and analytical characterization of a second-type electrode based on the Silver/Silver Ibuprofenate (Ag/AgIbu) pair for the quantification of Ibuprofen in pharmaceutical drugs.
A bare carbon paste electrode, BCPE, was used to determine simultaneously the foodstuff dyes Allura Red (AR) and Tartrazine (Trz) in aqueous media, achieving the following analytical parameters: for AR sensitivity of (0.126 ± 0.002) μA (mg l)−1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of (0.14 ± 0.004) mg l−1 and a Trz sensitivity of (0.392 ± 0.024) μA (mg l)−1 with a LOD of (0.310 ± 0.034) mg l−1. Additionally, the individual and simultaneous quantifications of AR and Trz in real samples, were performed through the electrochemical method proposed in this work. In the case of individual dyes quantification, the results were like those found using UV–vis spectrophotometry, however, contrary to the electrochemical method proposed in this work, the spectrophotometric method cannot be used for the simultaneous quantifications due to the dyes absorbance overlap. Furthermore, the BCPE is a robust electrode that, contrary to other modified CPE reported for this purpose, can be reused for multiple quantifications by simple mechanical polishing of its electroactive surface, beside its excellent reproducibility, accuracy, and lifetime. Usually the dyes are found in concentrations of mg l−1 in foodstuffs, which makes this electrode suitable for use in foods and non-alcoholic beverages.
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