Population characteristics and selective migration explain around half of the previously reported superlinear urban scaling.

No abstract

I must first acknowledge the mentorship my two wonderful supervisors, Peter Hedström and Maria Brandén, gave me throughout my PhD education. Peter, your curiosity with a touch of skepticism every time you gave feedback on my writing made this dissertation a much better version of what it would become otherwise. I am forever grateful for your mentorship, your attention and backing whenever I needed. Maria, I am not sure if a few sentences can sum up how grateful I am for all you've done. Whatever I write here will fall short of how important you've been in my life since I've met you. I wholeheartedly believe that I became a better researcher and a better human being with your support throughout these years. Your mentorship, your confidence in me, all the advice you gave about navigating in academia, and countless and always constructive feedback you gave on my drafts are some of the reasons that this dissertation is now finished. Thank you both for keeping me on track but also giving me the space to explore my own ideas.At the Institute, I had the opportunity to study and work alongside many creative and supportive scholars. Sarah Valdez, I am one of the luckiest to have you as a friend and as a colleague since the first days of IAS. Your unwavering support, encouragement, and insightful suggestions throughout these years were monumentally important for me. Now that this journey is over, I am looking forward to the future to party one day like it's 3012. Marc Keuschnigg, I cannot overestimate your help for showing that you always believed in my abilities as a researcher. You have been a colleague that I can turn to whenever I needed advice, and your guidance has been a great help for this dissertation and for my career. Karl Wennberg, I am grateful for all your feedback on v III. Mutgan, Selcan and Eduardo Tapia (2021). "School Closure as a Desegregation Policy: A comprehensive evaluation". Unpublished manuscript.

Drawing on individual-level full-population data from Sweden, spanning four decades, we investigate the joint growth of income inequality and income segregation. We study Sweden as a "least likely" case comparison with the United States, given Sweden's historically low levels of inequality and its comprehensive welfare state. Against the background of U.S. -based scholarship documenting a close link between inequality and segregation, our study provides an important insight into the universality of this relationship. Using entropy-based segregation measures, we analyze trends and patterns of income segregation between and within income groups along different sociodemographic dimensions-migration background and family type. Our findings reveal that growing income inequality in the last 30 years has been accompanied by a sharp uptake in income segregation, especially for the bottom quartile of the income distribution who are facing increasing isolation. Income segregation is most extensive for individuals with children in the household, among whom it has increased at a higher rate than those without children. Interestingly, income segregation is lower among non-Western minorities than among majority-group Swedes. We conclude that changes to the welfare state, liberalization of the housing market, and rapid demographic changes have led Sweden onto a path that is difficult to distinguish from that taken by the United States.