This study empirically tests the predictions of four primary theories applicable to joint-liability microcredit programs' repayment performance using an administrative data in a metropolitan setting. We introduce a new variable, group names, as a proxy for social capital to capture cooperation, solidarity, and drive for success, which shows a significant positive impact of 9.9% on repayment performance. Precise calculations of residential distance between group members show a deterioration of repayment performance by 1.1% with a 15min increase in minimum walking distance. The results also show that joint liability, sectoral diversification, type of sector that the borrowers facilitate, the ratio of new members in a group, characteristics of loan officers, loan amount, interest rate, income-loan amount coverage ratio, the existence of senior members, average education, and diversity in income streams significantly affect repayment performance.
This study shows that monetary incentives together with performance disclosures lead to significant increases in effort and productivity in the multi-branch banking industry. Our results are based on an incentivized credit card campaign run by a commercial bank in which employees were paid a piece-rate if they sold a credit card to a customer. Later in the campaign, the head office started to provide daily performance reports for all branches of the bank. The campaign ultimately resulted in a significant 12.5% increase in the average daily productivity of branch staff and productivity changes found were heterogeneous across different branches.
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