The capability of beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc (AHZ) to increase alkaline phosphatase activity in the femoral diaphysis from elderly rats was investigated. The femoral-diaphyseal tissues were removed from weanling (3-week-old) and elderly (10-month-old) female rats. Bone tissues were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (high glucose, 4.5%) supplemented with antibiotics and bovine serum albumin. Among various other bone-stimulating factors (AHZ; 10(-5) M, zinc sulfate; 10(-4) M, sodium fluoride; 10(-3) M, insulin; 10(-8) M, and beta-estradiol; 10(-9) M), AHZ had a potent effect on increasing alkaline phosphatase activity in the diaphyseal tissues from both rat groups. In the bone tissues from elderly rats, the effect was concentration dependent (10(-7) - 10(-5) M). At 10(-5) M the effect of AHZ was seen for a longer time during 72-h culture, although the zinc sulfate (10(-5) M) effect was no longer. The effect of AHZ to increase bone alkaline phosphatase activity was completely abolished by the presence of cycloheximide (10(-6) M). AHZ thus appears able to directly stimulate alkaline phosphatase activity dependent on protein synthesis in the bone tissues from elderly rats.
Vitamin D deficiency results in osteomalacia and leads to osteoporosis.(1,2) Hypo-vitaminosis D is prevalent in the UK and our D-FINES study has shown vitamin D deficiency to be more common in South Asian (SA) women than Caucasian (CA) women living in South England (3) . The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary vitamin D and calcium (Ca) intakes, vitamin D status and bone health indices among the women who took part in our D2-D3 study. The D2-D3 study was a vitamin D RCT previously reported (4) in which vitamin D status was measured by LC/MS and 4d food diaries were used to measure dietary intake. The specific cross-sectional analysis was on the baseline data of 260 women and the longitudinal analysis on 59 women in the placebo group.Mean dietary vitamin D intakes in SA and CA women were 2·24 ± 2·0, 2·78 ± 2·3 µg, respectively. Mean dietary Ca intakes were 870 ± 261·5 mg in Caucasians and 703·5 ± 211·5 mg in South Asians. Vitamin D status of Caucasians (60·21 ± 25·6 nmol/l) was much higher than that of Asians (21·7 ± 18·1 nmol/l), (P < 0·001). Body weight and body fat in Asians and BMI in Caucasians were negatively correlated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status (25OHD) (P < 0·05). In SA women, higher vitamin D intake was associated with higher vitamin D status (lowest vitamin D intake T1, 25(OH)D 16·35 nmol/l to highest vitamin D intake T3, 25(OH)D 35·08 nmol/l; F test for linearity, P = 0·017), remaining significant after adjusting for age and body size (P < 0·01).
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