We report the identical monozygotic twin cases of agenesis of the corpus callosum that demonstrated schizophrenic disorder. Patients were 26-year-old twin brothers and both cases were diagnosed as having schizophrenia using DSM-III-R diagnostic criteria. On magnetic resonance imagings both cases demonstrated the total agenesis of the corpus callosum and the anterior commissure was hypertrophic. We speculated that the developmental disturbance of the corpus callosum might be related to the cause of the psychiatric disorders in the present cases.
We encountered two cases expressing excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and manifesting two or more sleep-onset rapid eye movement (REM) periods in the multiple sleep latency test. Unbearable daytime sleepiness occurred abruptly, which usually led to short-lasting naps, after which the patients felt refreshed. The EDS was successfully reduced by treatment with methylphenidate. In spite of these features similar to narcolepsy, these cases of REM hypersomnia did not present cataplexy or other auxiliary symptoms of narcolepsy, and, furthermore, the class-II human leukocyte antigen DR2 appeared to be negative.
Key wordsexcessive daytime sleepiness, HLA-DR2, methylphenidate, narcolepsy, rapid eye movement hypersomnia, sleep-onset rapid eye movement period.
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