Structural monitoring of objects is primarily executed to assess external and internal effects on the object, in order to ensure the safety of people, animals, and material assets. Such monitoring can be executed through various methods, depending on the object, conditions for execution, and purpose of the monitoring. In this case, the focus is on the execution of the monitoring of Maribor footbridge, where the dynamic effects of the object are monitored. For this purpose, geophone, accelerometer, and geodetic methods—using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Robotic Total Station (RTS) equipment—are used, of which one is controlled by the additional programme GeoComZG. The emphasis of our experiment is on the application of non-contact geodetic methods, with which the measurements of dynamic response are typically performed, as they enable measurements up to 30 and 100 Hz with RTS and GNSS, respectively. In this article, the application of various procedures of non-contact data capture on the footbridge are detailed and a comparison and analysis of the obtained values for monitoring the dynamic response of the structure are presented.

Modelling and predictions of road traffic emissions and ground-borne vibrations caused by vehicles driving over different types of road bumps has become a rapidly developing research area. However, due to the lack of effective methods and indicators that would define traffic behavior, the accuracy of emissions and vibrations with such an approach is often not at the appropriate level. This paper presents the attempt to model and predict harmful road traffic emissions and vibrations using microsimulation traffic tools and emission models on one side and hybrid optimized models based on artificial neural networks and neuro-fuzzy techniques on the other. The optimized ANFIS-based model was developed to predict harmful road traffic emissions. Basic data were obtained with two programs: VISSIM for micro simulation of traffic flow and ENVIVER to calculate the corresponding emissions at vehicle level. The predicted NOx values indicate a significant increase of emissions by vehicles driving over road bumps, which is almost 100% higher than normal driving. The evaluation and prediction of ground-borne vibrations focused on heavy-duty vehicles, which usually cause perceptible levels of ground-borne vibrations. The prognosis of ground-borne vibration was made with local measurements and empirical vibration predictors. The predicted vibration levels caused by heavy-duty vehicles driving over road bumps are up to 24 times higher than normal vehicle driving (sinusoidal bump). Research shows that setting up speed bumps in different locations in urban areas has to be carefully examined because the level of harmful emissions and ground-borne vibrations increase.

This paper describes the non-contact vibration monitoring of prestressed reinforced concrete railway sleepers. The monitoring was carried out using physical measuring equipment consisting of a seismograph and geophones, a robotic total station (RTS) and scanning laser Doppler vibrometry (SLDV) equipment. Measurements of the dynamic response of sleepers to the dynamic loading induced by the running of train sets provides data that give an insight into the actual state of the sleeper structure at the moment when it is most stressed. The main objective of the study was to identify the most appropriate form of monitoring to monitor events related to the occurrence of cracks in the rail sill, which can also be caused by the impact of vibration. As is well-known, monitoring the dynamic response of railway sleepers is very important for the sustainable management and maintenance of railway lines. The vibration analysis was carried out in the field on the Ormož–Ptuj section of the railway line, in Velika Nedelja and in the laboratory of the UM FGPA, where the vibration was simulated using a hydraulic kit with a static and pulsed force of 100 kN. Several cycles of measurement were carried out and the results were compared with the results of the field monitoring. The vibration parameters measured for the concrete sleepers are necessary to develop a realistic dynamic model of the railway line, which will be able to predict its response to impact loads and the possible occurrence of damage, as has recently been observed for concrete sleepers in several European Union countries.

Combination of a bus system and cable car system can reduce the overall congestion of traffic in urban areas, where surrounding hills or mountains hold larger settlements or tourist and recreational infrastructure. With this kind of integration number of individual car trips can be significantly reduced. In this paper, the authors present an analysis of the pilot project implementation, which was held in Maribor. The authors conducted a limited test trial of two means of transportation, combining them into a single operating transport offer for inhabitants and tourists. Combined transport option proved to be a good starting point for reduction of traffic and parking congestion during winter tourist season and beyond. Method used in the research, in order to gain actual potential of integrating two systems and improving public transport offer, was establishment and implementation of the pilot project in Maribor during January 2011. Data was gathered through interviews of two interest groups. The first covered the users who were brought to the foothills of Pohorje's ski center by bus. The second covered the cable car users that were traveling to the top of Pohorje. For a limited time period, a trial principle of a single ticket was established, which gave ski-pass holders free bus ride on bus line No. 6. With the aim of reducing CO 2 , test drives of hybrid bus and compressed natural gas bus were conducted alongside many promotional activities with which users were informed of importance of environmentally friendly mobility options.