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Platform edge doors (PEDs) are becoming an international benchmark for metro systems because of their potential to facilitate the transition to fully automated train operation and to reduce the social and operating costs of accidents and obstacles on the platform–train interface. However, there are concerns that the presence of PEDs may lengthen the dwell time; this result could severely hinder service reliability in high-frequency services such as those operated by the London Underground. This paper explores the impact of PEDs on boarding and alighting time and on passenger behavior from two perspectives: through laboratory experiments under controlled conditions and through the analysis of video footage recorded on the London Underground network. Both approaches led to similar conclusions, showing that the presence of PEDs does not have a detrimental impact on the boarding and alighting time and does affect passenger behavior at the platform, inducing a more organized boarding and alighting process in which boarders wait beside the doors rather than in front of them and give way to alighters more often than without PEDs.

1 149 Manuscript 1 7683 1 Corresponding author. To reduce passenger interactions improvement on platform designs is needed. Present procedures use the Level of Service (LOS) based only on average values and therefore is not possible to identify which piece of space reached the highest interaction. This paper explores a new method to classify the interaction between passengers boarding and alighting through laboratory experiments under controlled conditions. The experiments were based on observation at two stations operated by London Underground Limited, which included platform edge doors and a semi-circular space defined as platform conflict area. Results were expressed according to the types of queues, formation of lanes, density by layer, and distance between passengers. The Level of Interaction (LOI) was a more precise indicator compared to the LOS. The density by layer followed a logarithmic distribution, reaching almost four times the overall density. Further research needs to be conducted to measure the passenger space on the platform.

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The big paradigm for cities nowadays is to study the movement of pedestrians at the interface between metro and bus systems -metro-bus interchanges. When these interchanges are not well designed, walking is inefficient and can be unsafe for pedestrians. This paper analyses, by means of a pedestrian microsimulation model, metro-bus interchange spaces in order to propose planning guidelines for the city of Santiago de Chile. Specific objectives are (1) to identify the variables that provide efficiency and safety in those spaces; (2) to simulate different scenarios using the pedestrian simulation model LEGION; (3) to propose planning and design guidelines for pedestrian spaces at metro-bus interchanges; and (4) to contrast the recommendations in the recently opened terminal station on Line 1 of Metro de Santiago: Los Dominicos Station.