The confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jaquelin Du Val, 1868, is a common pest insect known for attacking and infesting stored flour and grain. Biodegradable and ecologically natural products such as essential oils are emerging candidates for replacement of usually applied chemical pesticides. This work reported the chemical composition and effects caused by young and mature leaves essential oils (EOs) from Eucalyptus globulus Labill. against T. confusum. For both oils, no significant differences between yields were observed, being 1,8-cineole the main common constituent. Mature leaves extracts were rich in oxygenated mono-and sesquiterpenes, whereas young leaves showed greater content of nonoxygenated compounds. Bioassay was performed using EOs and 1,8-cineole solutions at different concentrations and time intervals. Adult mortality increased according to concentration and exposure time; young leaves extracts exhibited the greater effectiveness, highest mortalities (31.67%) at the minor time (2 h). At the lowest concentrations, 1,8-cineole solutions and mature leaves EOs did not achieve 100% mortality even when the bioassay was concluded (12 h), while at major doses no insects were alive. These results suggested that young and mature EOs from E. globulus constitute an alternative natural product to the control of T. confusum, since young leaves extracts, rich in monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, may be potential eligible candidates considering their noticeable insecticidal effects at low applied concentrations and short times of exposure.
Aphids and thrips are very important pest species of many greenhouse and field plants in the world. In recent years, there have been attempts to identify plants for their insecticidal property with a view to find out suitable alternatives to the indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides, which are a risk for human health and the environment. The aim of this work was to evaluate the insecticidal effect of Eucalyptus globulus Labill essential oil (EO) against Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Gynaikothrips ficorum Marchal (Thysanoptera: Ploeothridae). The EO was extracted by hydrodistillation and the bioassay was evaluated by toxicity contact method, using solutions at different concentrations and for different time intervals. The EO was more toxic to G. ficorum (LC 50 = 0.031µL cm-2) than A. nerii (LC 50 = 0.099µL cm-2) on filter discs at 12 h of exposure. These results suggested that EO from E. globulus constitute a good alternative for the control of A. nerii and G. ficorum, considering their insecticidal effects at low applied concentrations and for short periods of time.
Efecto de extractos de Chenopodium album L. sobre los estados larval y adulto de Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) Effect of extracts of Chenopodium album L. on the larval and adult states of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.
Este libro nace como un desafío colectivo de los y las integrantes del CeRPI para celebrar los 20 años de las publicaciones de los informes sobre la política exterior argentina de nuestro Centro. A través de un profundo trabajo de recuperación, recopilación y estudio de fuentes de investigación, buscamos generar una nueva instancia de análisis de las estrategias de relacionamiento con el exterior que los diversos gobiernos de nuestro país han establecido a lo largo de las últimas dos décadas de la historia argentina. Así, hemos analizado fuentes de los más variados orígenes, desde las publicaciones de los principales especialistas en la materia, hasta los documentos públicos emanados de las diversas Instituciones del Estado argentino, así como diferentes aportes periodísticos, que permiten reconstruir el contexto de lo estudiado. Pero, por sobre todas las cosas, buscamos hacer un aporte a partir de una relectura de los informes y producciones que se han realizado a lo largo de este tiempo en el seno de nuestro Centro de Reflexión en Política Internacional del Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales. De esta forma, llevamos adelante esta tarea, transformando este desafío en un estimulante trabajo colectivo que, esperamos, sea del agrado del/la lector/a y aporte otro grano de arena del CeRPI al análisis, discusión y seguimiento de la política internacional de la Argentina.
La conciencia fundamental del arte, que consiste en comprender que todo realismo puede quedar acosado -y ese resquebrajamiento producir una nueva composición de lo real-, surge precisamente de esa sensación que nos alberga cuando nos damos cuenta que había otros mundos ignotos que vivían replegados en los dobladillos de la conversación» Horacio González (1996).
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