Abstract-Today, most P2P applications do not consider locality on the underlying network topology when choosing their neighbors on the P2P routing layer. As a result, participating peers may experience long delays and peers' ISPs suffer from a large amount of (costly) inter-ISP traffic. One potential solution to mitigate these problems is to have ISPs or third parties convey information regarding the underlying network topology to P2P-clients through a dedicated service. Following this approach, the IETF has recently formed an Application Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO) working group for standardizing a protocol to enable P2P applications to obtain information regarding network layer topology. This paper comprises the problem space for such an ALTO approach, taking into account recent developments in the IETF ALTO Working Group. In particular, we will describe requirements for an ALTO protocol identified in the IETF, concrete protocols which have been proposed so far, and the overall challenges. In addition, we will discuss related issues such as privacy considerations, the relationship of an ALTO service with existing caching solutions, discovery mechanisms for an ALTO service, and security considerations.
Peer-to-Peer based near-live video streaming is becoming more and more popular with users of fixed-line broadband network access, but it is mostly unavailable to mobile users, as cellular networks, such as GPRS/UMTS, cannot meet the bitrate requirements, while other wireless technologies, such as WLAN, may be fast enough but cover only very limited areas. However, there is a small but important set of scenarios, where several mobile users in close physical proximity are interested in retrieving the same content. We propose a P2P-TV system that enables them to retrieve video chunks in a cooperative way. The coordinated and efficient usage of all wireless resources available to a group of mobile hosts is the key to enable P2P-TV in mobile environments. This paper introduces our general concept. Simulation based studies are presented to assess different resource allocation strategies and to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach for delivering near-live TV in resource constrained mobile environments.
The goal of Application-Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO) is to provide guidance to applications that have to select one or several hosts from a set of candidates capable of providing a desired resource. ALTO is realized by a client-server protocol. Before an ALTO client can ask for guidance, it needs to discover one or more ALTO servers.This document specifies a procedure for resource-consumer-initiated ALTO server discovery, which can be used if the ALTO client is embedded in the resource consumer.
Abstract. Future telephony and multimedia systems will use the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for signaling purposes. SIP is a text-based protocol that imposes challenges for an efficient message processing. The ability of SIP entities to process SIP messages quickly is crucial for the performance of these networks, which often have strict timing requirements, e. g., to keep the call setup delays small. This paper studies the performance of SIP message processing in SIP proxies, focusing mainly on the impact of message parsing. We perform a detailed delay analysis for the widely used SIP Express Router (SER). Our measurements show that message parsing actually contributes significantly to a SIP proxy's processing efforts, and therefore confirm other existing studies. However, our results also show that the overall delay in high-performance SIP proxies is stronger affected by other factors, in particular the operating system.
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