Dietary honey bee royal jelly increases insect growth rates and adult body size. Royal jelly as a dietary supplement could enhance mass insect production by increasing the body size of mass-reared model species. To determine the effect of royal jelly on a cricket species, Gryllodes sigillatus Walker (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), farmed for human consumption, we ran two experiments. We tested the dose-dependent response of G. sigillatus to royal jelly using a range of diets across 0–30% w/w royal jelly. We also measured the individual-level life history responses to royal jelly over time by individually rearing G. sigillatus nymphs on two separate diets: half were fed a commercial cricket diet, and half were fed the same diet mixed with 15% w/w fresh royal jelly. We found sex-dependent effects: females fed the royal jelly diet were 30% heavier, and this effect was driven by significantly longer abdomens containing 67% more eggs compared to those fed the standard diet. Female mass was optimised at approximately 17% w/w royal jelly. Our results reveal that although a royal jelly dietary supplement can increase the yield of mass-reared insects, the life history responses are species and sex specific.

Dietary honey bee royal jelly increases insect growth rates and adult body size. Royal jelly could enhance mass insect production as a dietary supplement, but it is costly to produce. The mechanisms underlying the effects of royal jelly on growth remain unclear, and so it is valuable to understand the effects of royal jelly on a mass reared model species to try and augment body size in a more cost-effective manner. To determine the effect of royal jelly on a cricket species (Gryllodes sigillatus) farmed on mass for human consumption, we ran two experiments. In one experiment we tested the dose-dependent response of Gryllodes sigillatus to royal jelly using a range of diets across 0-30% w/w royal jelly. In another experiment we measured the individual-level life history responses of Gryllodes sigillatus to royal jelly over time by individually rearing freshly-hatched Gryllodes sigillatus on two separate diets: half were fed a commercially available cricket diet, while the other half were fed the same diet mixed with 15% w/w fresh royal jelly. Body size and mass measurements were recorded weekly for five weeks. We found the effects of royal jelly to be sex-dependent within crickets: females fed the royal jelly diet grew to be 30% heavier, and this effect was driven by significantly longer abdomens containing 67% more eggs compared to those fed the basal diet. There was a higher probability of crickets reaching adulthood after 35 days when fed royal jelly, and female mass was optimised at approximately 17% w/w royal jelly. Our results reveal that while a royal jelly dietary supplement can increase the yield of mass-reared insects, the life-history responses are species- and sex-specific.