Although growing rods have efficacy in the control of deformity within the growing spine, they also have adverse effects on the spine. Immature spines treated with a growing rod have high rates of unintended autofusion which can possibly lead to difficult and only moderate correction at the time of definitive fusion.
The middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL) is well recognized as a primary stabilizer of the shoulder. Its role in shoulder pathologies such as adhesive capsulitis, subscapularis tendon tear, and glenohumeral arthritis is less understood. Biomechanically, the MGHL plays an important role in range of motion, specifically involving normal and pathologic external rotation in less than 45 of abduction. In this Technical Note, we present a technique for arthroscopic release of the MGHL in the setting of a stable shoulder with preoperative loss of external rotation and a patient at risk for postoperative restriction of external rotation.
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