Introduction: The major aim of hand washing promotion programs is to persuade people to change their behaviour to reduce high-risk hygiene practices and use. Unfortunately, in a refugee setting, there is a dearth of information about participation in hand washing promotion programs. Objective: To assess barriers and motivators to participation in hand washing promotion programs at household level among refugees in Rhino Camp, Arua district, Uganda. Methods: A crosssectional study was conducted to collect quantitative and qualitative data. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect data on participation, individual, household factors related to hand washing promotional programs from 312 refugees. Five key informant interviews were conducted to gather data on public policy, institutional and community factors related to participation in the hand washing promotion programs. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: Only 19.6% (61/312) of the refugees had participated in hand washing promotion programs. Significant barriers to participation were; no formal education and staying in the camp for more than 3 years. The significant motivators were; households who had 6 to 10 members and more. Conclusion: Participation in hand washing promotion programs was low among the refugees. There is need for relevant stakeholders to come up with interventions to increase participation among the refugees while taking into consideration the potential barriers and motivators to their participation as identified by this study.
The study was designed to understand the relationship between school gardens and student’s self-efficacy and its effect on weekly intake of fruits and vegetables. The survey used two Ugandan secondary schools; one having a well established school garden with all students having equal opportunities to participate in the growing, harvesting and consumptions of fruits and vegetables, another not. The study followed a cross-sectional study design employing quantitative research methods. The target population comprised of late adolescents 18-22 years attending the two-selected secondary school; one in Kampala and another in Luwero districts. The school in Luwero district engaged students in gardening activities while the school in Kampala did not. Self-administered structured questionnaire was given to students to answer questions in line with the specific objectives. Data was analyzed by using Mann Whitney U test, Pearson Rank Correlation, Odds ratio and test of proportion. The mean ages of the girls and boys in the school exposed to gardening activities were 19.10±1.4 and 19.2±2.86 respectively while those for students in the unexposed school were 18.62±1.21 and 19.11±1.29 respectively. The study had more males (56.3%) than females (43.7%). Neither group met the World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) recommendation of ≥35 servings per week (≥5 servings per day) for both fruits and vegetables consumption. However, the exposed students had more weekly servings of fruits and vegetables (P>0.05) and had higher self-efficacy towards dietary intake of fruits and vegetables (P=0.007). School garden based intervention can significantly improve student’s self-efficacy towards fruit & vegetable dietary intake increasing the weekly consumption of fruits and vegetables. The findings of the study will inform policy makers on the role of school gardens in enhancing fruit and vegetable intake by in-school adolescents as they develop the Uganda’s school health policy.
Background: The study was designed to understand the relationship between school gardens and student’s self-efficacy and its effect on weekly intake of fruits and vegetables. The survey used two Ugandan secondary schools; one having a well established school garden with all students having equal opportunities to participate in the growing, harvesting and consumptions of fruits and vegetables.Methods: The study followed a cross-sectional study design employing quantitative research methods. The target population comprised of late adolescents 18–25 years attending the two-selected secondary school; one in Kampala and another in Luwero districts. The school in Luwero district engaged students in gardening activities while the school in Kampala did not. Self-administered structured questionnaire was given to students to answer questions in line with the specific objectives. Quantitative data was analyzed by t-test, Mann Whitney U test, Pearson Rank Correlation, Odds ratio and Chi-square.Results: The students exposed to gardening had a higher self-efficacy (p = 0.03217) towards weekly consumption of fruits and vegetables with slightly higher scores of fruits and vegetable weekly intake as compared to those not exposed (OR = 1.0370). However, the weekly consumption of fruits and vegetables was low among both groups as compared to the World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) recommendation of ≥ 35 servings per week (≥ 5 servings per day) for both fruits and vegetables. The students in the exposed group were more confident in consuming fruits and vegetables rather than a snack (p = 0.008), ice cream (p = 0.004), three times a day (p < 0.0001) compared to the control group.Conclusion: School garden based intervention can significantly improve student’s self-efficacy towards fruit & vegetable dietary intake increasing the weekly consumption of fruits and vegetables.
Back ground The dietary intake of fruits and vegetables by adolescents is influenced by self-efficacy, attitude and knowledge.This study was designed to understand the role of school gardens in influencing the frequency, attitudes, knowledge and self-efficacy of late in-school adolescents on their dietary intake of fruits and vegetables.Methods The study followed a cross-sectional study design employing quantitative research methods. The target population comprised of late adolescents 18-25 years attending the two-selected secondary school; one with gardening activities and another not. Self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Quantitative data was analyzed by t-test , Mann Whitney U test, Pearson Rank Correlation and odds ratio.Results Generally, there were low fruit (8 & 9) and vegetable (6 & 7) servings per week among the unexposed and the exposed groups respectively as compared to the USDA recommendation (14 and 11) servings per week for fruits and vegetables respectively. However, students exposed to gardening had slightly higher scores of fruits and vegetable frequency as compared to those not exposed (OR=1.0370). Students believed they consumed more fruits than vegetables with the exposed group consuming more fruits (p<0.0001) and vegetables (p<0.0001) than the control group. The students knew more nutritional value for fruit intake than for vegetable intake with the exposed group having higher knowledge scores than the control (OR=1.32). The students in the exposed group were more confident in consuming fruits and vegetables rather than a snack (p=0.008), ice cream (p=0.004), three times a day (p<0.0001) compared to the control group.Conclusion Overall, there was low fruit and vegetable intake by the study subjects. However, fruits were consumed more than the vegetables with the exposed group posting slightly higher weekly intake of fruits and vegetables than the control group. The students knew the nutritional value of fruits and vegetables attaching more importance on the fruits than vegetables with exposed group having better knowledge than the control. Although students in both groups were confident in consuming fruits and vegetables, the exposed group was more confident than the unexposed.
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