Inverse synthetic apcrturc radar CISAR) produces images of ships at sea whic h human o perators can be trained to recognize Because ISAR uses the ship's own varying angular motions (roll, pitch, and yaw) for cross-rang e resolution, the viewing aspect and cross-cange scale factor are co ntinually changing on time scales of a few seconds. This and other characteristics of ISAR imaging make the problem of automatic recognition of ISAR images quite di stinct from the recog nition of optical im ages. The nature of ISAR imaging of ships, and single-frame and multiple-frame techniques for segmentation, feature extraction, and cl assification are described. Results are shown which Illustrate a capability for automatic re cog nition of ISAR ship imagery.
This paper describes how to evaluate the impact of a cyber attack on a mission. We accomplish this by computing impact as the changes to mission measures of effectiveness, based on the reported effects of a known or suspected attack on one or more parts of the information technology (IT) supporting the mission. Our previous papers have described our goals for computing mission impact and the choices of the techniques we use for modeling missions, IT, and cyber attacks. This paper focuses on how we compute the impact of cyber attacks on IT processes and information. These computations will improve decision-making when under cyber attack by providing accurate and detailed assessments of the impact of those attacks. Although the focus of our work has been on the calculation of cyber mission impacts during mission execution, we have also demonstrated how our representations and computations can be used for performing cyber risk analysis and crown jewels analysis.
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