An improved and repeatable method for meshing golf club heads using finite elements in TrueGrid® was developed. Using solid brick elements through the thickness of the club head instead of shell elements better represents the many thickness variations throughout each section of a club head. This method also results in a high quality mesh at the center of the club head sections while still maintaining high quality at the edges. A simulation procedure was also developed to predict the acoustic pressure at a designated point in an acoustic medium of a golf club and ball impact using the BEM and Rayleigh methods in LS-DYNA®. The simulation time and computing power required for the impact are modest, while the acoustic simulation time and computing power are much greater. The Rayleigh method provides an alternative which can greatly reduce these requirements. The simulation of sound produced from the ball and a USGA COR plate, generic driver, and hybrid impact was accomplished with reasonable results. Experimental testing was performed using a USGA plate to validate the plate result. A simple tap test and an air cannon test were performed to record the acoustic response with vii 4.2.1
A driver-golf ball impact was modeled and sound predicted using finite elements and boundary element methods. The driver head model had some features (artwork and scallops) removed to simplify the model. This de-featuring resulted in some of the simulated modes to be slightly lower than the 'tap test' measured modes of the fully featured, production driver. Computed acoustic modes in areas of the club head not de-featured matched experimental modes. Additionally, the impact sound simulation of a golf ball with a United States Golf Association coefficient of restitution titanium plate, with no features omitted, was completed. Acoustic pressure modes predicted well the modes measured by an accelerometer as the plate was excited by a modal hammer.
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