The region of Catongo, located approximately 6 kilometers from Itajuípe City, is composed by 15 proprieties of farmers family. The region was originated from the second half of 1930s, with the discovery of Catongo cocoa, which it has gaven its name after to be identified in Catongo farm, in the old place of Pirangi, that is the actual municipality of Itajuípe (BA). The objective of this paper was to evidence the particularities of the rural exodus' phenomenon around the farmers in Catongo region. This research was made by qualitative and quantitative research method. It has done case study, which informations collect have made by structured and half structured interviews, after identification of family farmers who remaining in the district. It was utilized the technic of lives' history by meetings with the farmers.It was also applied questionnaires to this public which informations has submitted to statistical analysis of quantitative datas. The results of this research shows an evasion of 80% of families that have abandoned the countryside looking for jobs and a better life situation in the city. That is why there is a reduction of the cocoa's cultivation in the region, plus the aging of the farm's owners and deficiency of successors in the management of the propriety.
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