Background and ObjectiveThe world is currently experiencing the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. There is no approved drug for the definitive treatment of the disease. Various drugs are being tried for the treatment of COVID-19, including hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). This study was performed to systematically review the therapeutic role of HCQ in COVID-19 from the available literature. Methods PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, ICTRP (WHO), Cochrane Library databases, and two pre-print servers (medRxiv.org and Research Square) were searched for clinical studies that evaluated the therapeutic role of HCQ on COVID-19 until 10 May 2020. The available studies were critically analyzed and the data were extracted. Results A total of 663 articles were screened and 12 clinical studies (seven peer-reviewed and published studies and five non-peer-reviewed studies from pre-print servers) with a total sample size of 3543 patients were included. Some of the clinical studies demonstrated good virological and clinical outcomes with HCQ alone or in combination with azithromycin in COVID-19 patients, although the studies had major methodological limitations. Some of the other studies showed negative results with HCQ therapy along with the risk of adverse reactions. ConclusionThe results of efficacy and safety of HCQ in COVID-19, as obtained from the clinical studies, are not satisfactory, although many of these studies had major methodological limitations. Stronger evidence from well-designed robust randomized clinical trials is required before conclusively determining the role of HCQ in the treatment of COVID-19. Clinical prudence is required in advocating HCQ as a therapeutic armamentarium in COVID-19. Key PointsEfficacy and safety results obtained from clinical studies on the therapeutic role of HCQ in COVID-19 are not satisfactory.The majority of the published studies have major methodological limitations.Safety aspects associated with the use of HCQ along with azithromycin in COVID-19 warrants caution.Large and robust randomized controlled trials will conclusively determine the role of HCQ in COVID-19.

Context: Stressful life events affect the psychological wellbeing of individuals. Through this study, we aim to understand this effect and various other factors affecting the psychological wellbeing of the study participants. Aims: To determine the vulnerability of study participants to psychological distress following stressful life events Settings and Design: Cross-sectional observational study in an urban setting Methods and Materials: Systematic random sampling with a sample size of 178. Statistical Analysis Used: Analysis is done using SPSS version 22. Tests used are chi square test, Spearman's rank correlation test. Results: The number of life events and psychological distress scores had a positive correlation.The events that occurred in one month before history taking, a correlation was found to be strongest and no correlation was found between the events which occurred more than one year before study enrolment and the psychological distress. Factors like sleeping patterns, exercise, and marital status also had a significant correlation with the psychological distress score of participants. Conclusions: Mental health is dependent on many parameters with life events being a major factor at a given point of time. However, different factors apart from life events will affect psychological wellbeing, and mental health is an interplay of all those factors.

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Background: Life events may be desirable, undesirable or ambiguous and will trigger highly individualistic reactions. These events, depending upon the nature of their occurrence, might propel an individual into working in a more productive way or they may negatively affect the person. Hence studying these life events, their interplay with human emotions is important.Methods: This is a community based cross sectional study done in the urban field practice area of a tertiary care hospital. Participants were included in the study using systematic random sampling.Results: Going on a pleasure trip or pilgrimage was the most commonly reported life event, followed by appearing for examination or interview. Financial problem was the most common undesirable life event as experienced by the participants.Conclusions: Total number of life events and undesirable events are major contributors to psychological distress.