This work proposes a contactless multitunable microwave measurement scheme for heartbeat detection. Our system is based on simplicity and the ability of tuning two parameters: frequency and power. Measurements are performed at 2.4, 5.8, 10, 16, and 60 GHz. Operating at 2.4 GHz, the heartbeat signal is detected at different output power levels (from À2 down to À27 dBm). The heart rate variability is extracted for all the measurements.
Figure 6 shows a photograph of the fabricated novel parallel coupler with an area of 30 ϫ 44 mm 2 .
CONCLUSIONSA novel high isolation microstrip parallel coupler with -shaped structure has been presented in this article. With -shaped structure, the proposed couplers achieve a physical size reduction of almost 35% with the performance competed with the conventional one. Adopting RPC approach, the isolation is improved greatly. A proposed parallel coupler has been fabricated and measured at 915 MHz. The measurement of the proposed parallel coupler exhibits maximum isolation of Ϫ58.4 dB and directivity of Ϫ40.4 dB at 915 MHz and the isolation is over Ϫ40 dB in 902-928 MHz frequency band. The proposed coupler is compact, easy for fabrication, which can be applied in radiofrequency identification reader system. 2. S. Uysal and H. Aghvami, Synthesis, design and construction of ultrawideband nonuniform directional couplers in inhomogeneous media, IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech 37 (1989), 969 -976. 3. M. Dydyk, Microstrip directional couplers with ideal performance via single-element compensation, IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech 47 ABSTRACT: The aim of this work is to provide two new schemes for human noninvasive heartbeat activity monitoring using low power microwave noncontact systems and direct conversion architecture. The first system is tested at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequencies. Another system, operating at 60 GHz, is demonstrated where higher heartbeat sensitivity detection is achieved. ABSTRACT: A compact printed monopole antenna having small dimensions (22 ϫ 9.5 ϫ 1.6 mm 3 ) for the WLAN bands is presented. With the use of a plated-through via connecting a rectangular patch with a meandered strip on the both sides, the impedance matching in multiband operation covering 2.4, 5.2, and 5.8 GHz bands is obtained. A theoretical and experimental investigation of the antenna is given.
This paper presents the results obtained from 60 GHz propagation measurement campaigns in indoor environments. These measurements are performed in the frequency domain and are based on the use of a vector network analyzer (VNA). The analysis of the results makes it possible to characterize the propagation channel. In first measurement campaign, we show the influence of different types of antennas on the path loss characteristics in a hallway, while in the second campaign results highlight the effect of the type of antenna of the access point (AP) and its position on the angular impulse response of the channel inside a meeting room. All of these results are intended to lead to rules for the deployment of wireless high-speed local and personal area networks (WLANs/WPANs).
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