The heterogeneous etiology of asthma makes its diagnosis complicated. Measurement of cytokine levels could be relevant in determining the asthma phenotype, predicting severity, and identifying the treatment type. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is one of the most reliable methods, with high sensitivity and specificity. This study aimed to determine the accuracy and utility of interleukin (IL)-13 and IL-17 A in diagnosing children with asthma. A total of 74 asthmatic and 75 healthy children were enrolled in this case-control study between 10/2019 and 3/2021. Sera were collected and analyzed for IL-13 and IL-17A using ELISA. Diagnostic utility assessment was performed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The results showed that both cytokines had a significant capacity to differentiate patients with asthma from the control group. The sensitivity and specificity for IL-17A were 97.3% and 52.0%, respectively, whereas for IL-13 it was 81.1% and 52.0%, respectively. Positive predictive values (PPV) were 66.7% and 62.5% for IL-17A and IL-13, respectively. In conclusion, although both biomarkers had low specificity, IL-17A was more sensitive in differentiating children with asthma from those in the control group and had a higher sensitivity rate than IL-13.
Gallstones are one of the most prevalent digestive disorders. Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder. The occurrence of the chronic cholecystitisis often after several attacks of the acute cholecystitis and occurs usually due to the accumulation of the gallstones. Sometimes the chronic cholecystitis was without clinical signs, or have acute form. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α) are vital cytokines that result in acute the inflammation of the gallbladder which leading to the production of the gallstone, however, IL-4 protects gallstone production.Method: thecurrent study was conducted on 95 patients referred to the surgical clinic of Al-Husain General Hospital, Al Nasiriyah. Gallbladder tissue sample put in formalin then transport to the laboratory for immunohistochemical (IHC) examination the expression status of TNF-α and IL4 in the patients with cholelithiasis as associated with (CCC).Out of the 95 patient's immunoexpression of TNF-α was high while IL-4 had low expression in CCC.Conclusion: IHC expression of TNF-α was A more obvious as compared with IL-4 in CCC cholecystitis suggest that cytokines have a great and direct role in the cholelithiasis pathogenesis.
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