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We confirmed that the concentration of ET-1 in CSF increased before the onset of cerebral vasospasm caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage. The ET-1 concentration in the CSF could be a useful marker to detect cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Thickness can be an index of the amount of relief where pain is caused easily. In addition, modulus of elasticity is important as an indicator of the bearing ability of denture support tissues, it is necessary to consider how to evaluate the modulus of elasticity and to evaluate the relationship between the parameters of the pain threshold.

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Concerning the bone structures of the mandible reconstructed by particular cellular bone and marrow (PCBM), platelet rich plasma (PRP) and tray, we have examined the possibility of implant insertion by clarifying the morphological conditions in each compact and cancellous bone on computed tomography (CT), and by observing the differences in their CT values. Using the computer software program Sim Plant (Materialize Dental, Leuven, Belgium), we morphologically observed 6 cases of implant inserted area after mandibular reconstruction and 11 cases of native bone, and examined the differences in their CT values. The osseointegration rate of each inserted implant was also evaluated. Compared with the native bone group, the PCBM reconstruction group had generally thin compact bone. In the over‐3 cm‐length PCBM reconstruction group, the average CT value was 259.7 ± 94.4 HU (n = 3) in the cancellous bone, whereas in the native bone group, the average CT value was 528.9 ± 140.1 HU (n = 10). Therefore, the PCBM reconstruction group showed significantly lower CT value than the native bone group. However, in the under‐3 cm‐length group, the PCBM reconstruction group showed no significant difference compared with the native bone group. The osseointegration rate of the inserted implants almost 6 months after insertion was 100% in the PCBM reconstruction group and 94.1% in the native bone group. Although the PCBM reconstructed bone had thinner cortical bone and showed lower CT value compared with the native bone, implant insertion was possible.

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Keywords: vertical distraction osteogenesis/periosteum/vector/micro-focused computed tomography/confocal laser scanning microscopy Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2010, 220 (1), 67-75.