In this article, an optical full adder is investigated in terms of light flow inside the two‐dimensional (2‐D) crystal lattice waveguide structures. The phenomenon such as resonance, splitter, and combiner based on the principle of constructive and destructive interference is used in the modeling of all optical full adders. Also, defects are introduced in the junction of the waveguide structures to pass/stop light wave inside the waveguide structure. The designed full adder structure in 2‐D photonic crystals (PhCs) occupies an area of 382.91 μm2 and maximum light confinement at the Sum and Cout output ports are 0.52 and 0.6 arbitrary unit (a.u.), respectively. The response time of the full adder structure is about 0.25 ps and the maximum contrast ratio achieved at the Sum is 7.16 dB and Cout is 5.74 dB. RSoft FullWAVE simulation tool is used to perform a full‐vector simulation of photonic structures.
The presented research deals with designing of a new ultra compact all-optical RS flip-flop on a two-dimensional (2-D) hexagonal photonic crystal platform. The flip-flop is designed by using two NOR gates, photonic crystal waveguides, four silicon ring resonators, four input ports and two output ports. The designed flip-flop structure has hexagonal silicon rods in the air host with a lattice constant a of 630 nm. Si rods have a radius of 0.2a and operating waveleangth of 1550 nm. The novel design provides proper distinction between logic 1 and logic 0 at the output by giving 8.7 dB and 4 dB contrast ratio at Q and Qbar output, respectively. Furthermore, uncomplicated structure resulting in small dimension of 28 μm * 28 μm makes it appropriate for optical integrated circuit in optical networks. FDTD method is used to model the proposed structure and simulated using RSoft FullWAVE simulator tool.
The proposed work presents a new structure that can be used as recon gurable optical logic gates. This structure is constructed in a two dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PhCs). Logic gates like AND, NOT and NOR are realized by using the proposed structure. These optical logic gates are constructed in 6 µm * 6 µm in 2D PhCs square lattice with a lattice constant a=0.648 µm. All the gates are realized by creating structural disorders in the cross-waveguide geometries of 2D PhCs. The several performance parameters are examined using this structure and observed that proposed structure has reduced size, fast response time of 0.46ps, high bit rates of 2.14Tbits/sec and better contrast ratio of 8.6dB against the existing designs. The signal amplitude larger than 0.5 arbitrary units (a.u.) and less than 0.1 (a.u.) at output are considered as logic '1' and '0' respectively. The plane wave expansion (PWE) is utilised to get the band gap for this logic gate 2D PhC structure and the nite difference time domain (FDTD) technique is utilised to investigate their performance in terms of light travelling in the crystal lattice structure. The gates are implemented in third optical window at the wavelength of 1.55 µm and can be used in photonic integrated circuits for signal processing in optical communication.
The proposed work presents a new structure that can be used as reconfigurable optical logic gates. This structure is constructed in a two dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PhCs). Logic gates like AND, NOT and NOR are realized by using the proposed structure. These optical logic gates are constructed in 6 µm * 6 µm in 2D PhCs square lattice with a lattice constant a=0.648 µm. All the gates are realized by creating structural disorders in the cross-waveguide geometries of 2D PhCs. The several performance parameters are examined using this structure and observed that proposed structure has reduced size, fast response time of 0.46ps, high bit rates of 2.14Tbits/sec and better contrast ratio of 8.6dB against the existing designs. The signal amplitude larger than 0.5 arbitrary units (a.u.) and less than 0.1 (a.u.) at output are considered as logic ‘1’ and ‘0’ respectively. The plane wave expansion (PWE) is utilised to get the band gap for this logic gate 2D PhC structure and the finite difference time domain (FDTD) technique is utilised to investigate their performance in terms of light travelling in the crystal lattice structure. The gates are implemented in third optical window at the wavelength of 1.55 µm and can be used in photonic integrated circuits for signal processing in optical communication.
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