Based on six representatives of 2-oxonicotinonitriles, the effect of the nature of the substituent in the fourth position of the pyridine system on the photophysical characteristics was studied. The role of the donor/acceptor nature of the substituent and the solvent nature in the absorbing and fluorescent properties of the compounds was shown.
This microreview compiles methods for the synthesis of
ortho
-stilbazoles (2-styrylpyridines) described in the literature in 2017–2022. Depending on the synthons from which the target structure is formed, four main synthetic approaches can be distinguished: coupling reactions, Wittig reactions, condensation reactions, and pyridine ring formation reactions.
A simple strategy for the synthesis of 2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives (2-oxonicotinonitrile, 3-cyanopyridone) in good yields by substituting the halogen atom with an oxime under mild conditions was developed. The proposed approach makes it possible to avoid the problems associated with the hydrolysis of easily modified groups, since the reaction is carried out in the absence of water.
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