Efficacy and safety of endoscopic dilation are similar between primary and anastomotic CD strictures. Intralesional steroid injection or use of biologics did not decrease the need for re-intervention or surgery for either primary or anastomotic strictures.

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Anterior neck masses are common and such patients commonly present to ultrasonography units for further evaluation of underlying pathology. We encountered an atypical case of pulsatile anterior neck swelling in a 45-year-old lady. Evaluation of the swelling using neck ultrasonography and color doppler study revealed that the mass was of vascular origin and contrast-enhanced computed tomography of neck confirmed the presence of an aberrant high riding innominate artery. Knowledge of such variants is of great importance and should be reported by the concerned radiologist. Lack of knowledge of such variants may lead to inadvertent surgical complications during procedures and can be life-threatening to the patient.

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of demographics, substance abuse, and chronic illnesses on length of hospitalization and mortality of pneumonia. 866 patients admitted to a community hospital with diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia were studied. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed for the effect of chronic illnesses on length of stay and mortality. Age (p=0.064), coronary artery disease (p=0.017), congestive heart failure (p=0.011), history of neoplasm (p=0.079) and chronic kidney disease (p<0.001) were associated with increased length of stay. Age (p<0.001), history of stroke (p=0.013), history of neoplasm (p=0.028), and chronic kidney disease (p=0.005) were associated with higher mortality from community-acquired pneumonia. Asthma was associated with decreased length of stay (p=0.006) but no difference in mortality. Respiratory failure and congestive heart failure exacerbation were associated with longer length of stay (p<0.001) but no difference in mortality. ICU admission was associated with longer hospital stay and higher mortality (p<0.001). Septic shock secondary to pneumonia was associated with longer length of stay and higher mortality (p<0.0001). Age (p=0.04), alcohol abuse (p=0.03), coronary artery disease (p=0.05), congestive heart failure (p=0.009) and chronic kidney disease (p=0.011) were predictors of higher level of care needed during hospital stay for community acquired pneumonia.

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