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Objective: To evaluate the fetal survival rate using a modified technique to surgically create a ‘myelomeningocele-like’ defect in a rabbit model. Methods: Six white New Zealand rabbits had a spinal defect created in their fetuses at 23 days of gestation. At 30 days of gestation, the fetuses were harvested for anatomo-pathologic evaluation. Results: The defect was created in 19 fetuses and an attempt to correct it was made in 15 cases (group I), and 4 fetuses where left without correction (group II). At 30 days, a ‘myelomeningocele-like’ defect was present in all surviving fetuses. The total survival rate was 73.68% (14/19); 11 fetus survived in group I and 3 in group II. Conclusion: The technical modifications, including fetal positioning and exposure of its back prior to the incision of the lamina, associated with a different technique for myometrium closure, offer an alternative and probably safer method to surgically create a spinal defect in the fetal rabbit.

Objective: To study the correction of a ‘myelomeningocele-like’ defect in fetal rabbits. Methods: Twelve pregnant rabbits had a spinal defect surgically created in 40 of their fetuses at 23 days of gestation. Immediate repair was performed in 30 fetuses (group I), and 10 remained uncorrected (group II). After 30 days, the fetuses were harvested and the anatomopathological aspects where compared using Fisher’s exact test. Results: Three different techniques to apply a cellulose graft were used for correction in 8 (technique A), 7 (technique B), and 15 animals (technique C), but only one (technique C) was successful. The survival rate at 30 days was 66.7% (10/15) in group I and 80% (8/10) in group II. A ‘myelomeningocele-like’ defect was present in all fetuses in group II, while in group I the defect was successfully repaired in 80% of the surviving fetuses (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The surgically created spinal defect was successfully repaired, and also the fetal rabbit could be established as a model for the study of intrauterine correction of a myelomeningocele-like defect.

O objetivo da pesquisa é a utilização da hidroxiapatita porosa de coral, como um xenoenxerto ósseo. Utilizou-se onze coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia, nos quais fez-se defeito padrão nas metáfises femorais distais. Nesses locais praticou-se o implante de hidroxiapatita porosa de coral ou enxerto ósseo autógeno. Fez-se estudo clínico, macroscópico, exames radiológicos e histológicos em intervalos de duas, quatro e doze semanas. Os resultados comparativos foram similares enter dois tipos de implantes. Concluiu-se que a hidroxiapatita porosa de coral é um substituto adequado para enxertos ósseos autógenos em coelhos.

The expression of the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) was quantified in paraffin sections of tumors and lymph node metastasis, by means of digital image analysis, in 75 patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients were divided in two groups: early stage (stages I and II) and advanced stage (stages IIIa, IIIb and IV). The prognostic significance of AgNOR expression was tested by Cox regression analysis in models controlled for age, sex, vital status, stage and histological type. Tumors at early stages had a lower expression of AgNOR than those at more advanced diseases. The mean values obtained for NORs in advanced disease were almost the same as those in the primary tumors when compared with the corresponding lymph node metastasis (r = 0.90; p < 0.01; linear regression). The prognostic role of AgNOR was significant only for tumors at stages I and II and not for advanced neoplasms (stages IIIa, IIIb and IV). These results encourage the inclusion of AgNOR quantitation in routine material, especially in early lung cancer.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the size of the bacterial colonies in anal wounds after open hemorrhoidectomy. Twenty patients were studied during predetermined postoperative time periods. Material was collected from the surface and from within the tissue of each patient's three open wounds, intraoperatively, on the 6th, 13th and 20th postoperative days for bacteriologic examination in aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic media. The bacterium most commonly identified was Escherichia coli, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, and Proteus mirabilis were also identified. Critical indexes of colonization were present since the intraoperative stage (greater than 10(5) bacteria/g of tissue and greater than 10(6) bacteria/ml); obligate anaerobic bacteria were not identified; neither the species nor the number of bacteria, even when critical indexes were present, prevented proper healing. The same bacteria were not necessarily present on the surface and in the tissue; the bacterial load observed among the three wounds (left lateral, right posterior, and right anterior), was the same.

Estudou-se o efeito das telas de politetrafluoroetileno expandido (PTFE) e polipropileno (PP), colocadas por laparoscopia, em hérnias incisionais produzidas experimentalmente. Utilizou-se 45 coelhos, distribuídos em três grupos: PP (tela de PP), PTFE (tela de PTFE) e C (grupo controle, sem tela). Em todos os animais foi inicialmente produzida uma hérnia incisional. Trinta dias após, foram submetidos a laparoscopia e as hérnias foram tratadas com telas de PP ou de PTFE, colocadas de forma intraperitoneal. Nos animais controle foi somente realizada, quando presentes, a lise de aderências,. Trinta e cinco dias após este procedimento foi realizada laparoscopia para a observação de aderências à região da tela (grupo PTFE e PP) ou da hérnia (grupo C), de aderências intestinais, nestas regiões e ainda para observar recidivas e o aspecto da tela (esticado ou enrugado) . Aos 70 dias da colocação das telas, os animais foram submetidos a eutanásia e novamente estudados quanto à presença de aderências, quanto à recidiva e ao aspecto da tela. A parede abdominal, foi ainda submetida a exame histológico, com contagem das fibras colágenas e a estudo da força de ruptura. Não ocorreram recidivas das hérnias nos grupos tratados. O grupo PP apresentou, aos 35 e 70 dias, incidência significativamente maior de aderências e do número de fibras colágenas em relação ao grupo PTFE e ao grupo C. A força de ruptura foi estatisticamente semelhante nos 3 grupos.

These results suggest that 3.0 times the arterial diameter for the AVF size in dogs leads to greater venous flow than with 1.5 times the arterial diameter, without increasing the reversed flow.