Aims and Objectives: Trace elements may have a role in progression of hyperthyroidism. We planned to estimate the serum zinc, copper and ceruloplasmin in hyperthyroids.Materials and Methods: 41 hyperthyroid patients and 32 control subjects were taken for the study. Serum T4,TSH ,zinc, copper and ceruloplasmin were estimated in them. T4 and TSH were estimated by ELISA method. Zinc and copper were estimated by colorimetric method. Serum ceruloplasmin were estimated by  Ravins method.Results: Significant decrease of TSH (p<0.0001)and zinc(p<0.0001) were found in hyperthyroids in comparision to controls. Serum copper and ceruloplasmin were significantly  elevated(p<0.0001) in them. Significant positive correlation  between TSH and zinc was observed in case group.Conclusion: Zinc defficiency may contribute to the worsening of hyperthyroidism. Zinc supplementation may improve the condition.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 66-69

The risk of hypernatremia and related postabortion complications resulting from the intraamniotic administration of a 20-25% hypertonic saline solution, a widely used procedure all over the world, prompted this trial of 5% saline. Midtrimester abortion was induced in 150 women with a 5% saline solution administered intraamniotically at the National Medical College, Calcutta, India, from August 1974 to October 1975. The abortion was complete within 48 hours in 90% of the cases. All the fetuses were delivered dead. In one case, hysterotomy was performed because of severe bleeding. The immediate complication rate was 36% (12% serious). The follow-up complication rate was 2%. One patient died on the seventh postabortal day due to severe, uncontrolled septicemia. The authors conclude that because this procedure is simple and low cost and because it reduces the risk of hypernatremia it should be a welcome addition to service programs in developing countries.

INTRODUCTION:Placenta is found in all eutherian mammals. Study of placenta helps to gather information regarding the prenatal life of the fetus. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) of the fetus occurs due to decreased supply of necessary elements to the fetus via the placenta and as a result some typical histological changes occur in placenta. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: We wanted to study the histological features of placenta in IUGR pregnancy and to compare them with uncomplicated pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the Group A(study group)we had included 50 placentas from mother of IUGR babies with birth weight less than 10 th percentile of normal weight and in Group B(control group)there were 50 placentas from uncomplicated pregnancies. Placentas from mothers with IUGR due to congenital anomaly or infection were excluded. Tissues of placenta were taken and after preparation of slides different histological features like fibrin deposition, cytotrophoblastic hyperplasia, villous pattern, infarction, and calcification were noted. The two groups were compared statistically. RESULT ANALYSIS: In our study Risk ratio 1.36 indicates that in Study group A fibrin deposition was 1.36 times (36%) more than that of control group (risk ratio above or below 1 quantifies the relative increase or decrease in risk associated with).Syncytial knot formation were 1.05 times (5%) more in study group. Calcification 1.6 times (60%) and infarction 1.9 times (90%) higher in study group than control group. Significantly in placenta of study group Cytotrophoblastic hyperplasia (2.56 times more than control group), villous obliteration (3.57 times more than control group) and stromal fibrosis (2.33 times more than control group) were more than the control group. CONCLUSION: The present study depicted specific histological changes of placentas of IUGR pregnancy, thus explaining the role of examination of placenta to acquire knowledge about the prenatal life.