Patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis (HD) are at high risk of restenosis and cardiac events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study compared the clinical efficacy of sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) and paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) in patients undergoing HD. Between June 2004 and January 2010, the clinical outcomes of 41 consecutive patients on HD who underwent PCI with SES (62 lesions) were compared with those of 38 consecutive patients on HD who underwent PCI with PES (54 lesions). Patient and lesion characteristics were similar between both groups. The target lesion revascularization (TLR) (SES 36.6 % vs. PES 15.8 %; P = 0.037) was significantly higher with SES (36.6 %) than with PES (15.8 %) (P = 0.037), particularly in the context of severe calcified lesions that required rotational atherectomy (SES 72.7 % vs. PES 16.7 %; P = 0.0067). However, 1 year after PCI, there was no difference between the two groups in all-cause death, myocardial infarction or major adverse cardiac events. Patients undergoing HD are at a high risk of restenosis after PCI, even when using a drug-eluting stent. The TLR was higher with SES than with PES, particularly when used for severe calcified lesions that required rotational atherectomy.
This paper studies an interest rate derivative when there is the model risk in an interest rate model. We consider a mean reverting interest rate process whose volatility model is not known. Most of prices of interest rate derivatives cannot be determined uniquely, based on this interest rate model. We study the price bounds of a derivative and propose how to calculate the price bounds by a trinomial model. Further, we analyze the model risk of derivatives and their portfolios numerically.
A simple, selective and sensitive method has been proposed for the ion-pair extraction and spectrophotometric determination of tetrafluoroborate in waste water. Tetrafluoroborate is extracted as an ion pair with bis[2-(5-chloro-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenolato~cobalt(iii) into chlorobenzene. The absorbance of the organic phase is measured at 567 nm against a reagent blank. Beer's law is obeyed overthe concentration range 0.051 .O mg 1-1 of tetrafluoroborate and the detection limit (three times the standard deviation of the blank) was 0.009 mg 1-1. Relative standard deviations were 0.6-2.0%. Nitrate seriously interferes with the determination but can be decomposed by shaking with zinc powder after adjusting the acidity with 0.05 m o l I-' sulfuric acid. The proposed method can be applied satisfactorily to the determination of tetrafluoroborate in industrial and laboratory waste waters containing high concentrations of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, borate, silicate and many other metal ions.
Keywords: Tetrafluoroborate in waste water; ion-pair extraction; spectrophotometry; bis[2-(5-ch yrid ylazo)-5-dieth ylamino p hen ola tolco ba Itliii)Paper 3102488A
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