Aiming at the prediction of pleiotropic effects of drugs, we have investigated the multilabel classification of drugs that have one or more of 100 different kinds of activity labels. Structural feature representation of each drug molecule was based on the topological fragment spectra method, which was proposed in our previous work. Support vector machine (SVM) was used for the classification and the prediction of their activity classes. Multilabel classification was carried out by a set of the SVM classifiers. The collective SVM classifiers were trained with a training set of 59,180 compounds and validated by another set (validation set) of 29,590 compounds. For a test set that consists of 9,864 compounds, the classifiers correctly classified 80.8% of the drugs into their own active classes. The SVM classifiers also successfully performed predictions of the activity spectra for multilabel compounds.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to clarify the benefits of early mobilization for
mechanically ventilated patients for their survival to discharge to home from the
hospital. [Subjects and Methods] Medical records were retrospectively analyzed of patients
who satisfied the following criteria: age ≥ 18 years; performance status 0–2 and
independent living at their home before admission; mechanical ventilation for more than 48
h; and survival after mechanical ventilation. Mechanically ventilated patients in the
early mobilization (EM) group (n = 48) received mobilization therapy, limb exercise and
chest physiotherapy, whereas those in the control group (n = 60) received bed rest alone.
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify
clinical variables associated with discharge disposition. [Results] Early mobilization was
a positive independent factor and the presence of neurological deficits was a negative
factor contributing to discharge to home. Among patients surviving mechanical ventilation
without neurological deficits, the rate of discharge to home was significantly higher
among patients in the EM group that in the control group (76% vs. 40%). [Conclusion] Early
mobilization can improve the rate of discharge to home of patients requiring mechanical
ventilation because of non-neurological deficits.
AimsHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted agents are an effective approach to treating patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. However, the lack of survival benefit in HER2-negative patients, as well as the toxic effects and high cost of the drugs, highlight the need for accurate and prompt assessment of HER2 status. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical utility of a novel reagent-saving immunohistochemistry method (AC-IHC) that saves HER2 antibody by taking advantage of the non-contact mixing effect in microdroplets subjected to an alternating current electric field.MethodsNinety-five specimens were used from patients diagnosed with primary breast cancers identified immunohistochemically as HER2 0/1+, 2+ or 3+ using ASCO/CAP guideline-certified standard IHC. The specimens were all tested using the conventional IHC method (1:50 antibody dilution) as well as AC-IHC (1:50 dilution) and reagent-saving AC-IHC (1:100 dilution).ResultsThe reagent-saving AC-IHC produced stable results with less non-specific staining using smaller amounts of labelled antibody. Moreover, the staining and accuracy of HER2 status evaluated with the reagent-saving AC-IHC method was equal to that achieved with standard IHC.ConclusionsThese results suggest reagent-saving AC-IHC could be used as a clinical tool for accurate and stable HER2 IHC, even when reagent concentrations vary.
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