Three-dimensional highly porous TiO2-4%SiO2-1%TeO2/Al2O3/TiO2 composite nanostructures (φ30-120 nm) directly fixed on glass substrates were fabricated by anodization of a superimposed Al/Ti layer sputter-deposited on glass and a sol-gel process. The porous composite nanostructures exhibited enhanced photocatalytic performances in decomposing acetaldehyde gas under UV illumination, which can be mainly ascribed to the combination of their large surface areas (7750-14770 m(2)/m(2)), high porosities (34.2-45.6%), and transparency. Specially, the composite nanostructure with ∼φ120 nm pores calcined at 500 °C showed the highest photocatalytic activity that is 6-10 times higher than commercial P-25 TiO2 under the experimental conditions.
Process. -Three-dimensional highly porous TiO2-4%SiO2-1%TeO2/Al2O3/TiO2 composite nanostructures with diameters of 30-120 nm directly fixed on glass substrates are prepared by anodization of a superimposed Al/Ti layer sputter-deposited on glass and a sol-gel process. The composite nanostructures exhibit enhanced photocatalytic performance in decomposing acetaldehyde gas under UV illumination, which is explained by their large surface area, high porosity, and transparency. The composite nanostructure with 120 nm pores calcined at 500°C shows the highest photocatalytic activity which is 6-10 times higher than that of commercial P-25 TiO2. -(CHU*, S.-Z.; INOUE, S.; WADA, K.; LI, D.; HANEDA, H.; AWATSU, S.; J. Phys.
Improvements of the anode and the fuel side current collector has been carried out in order to increase the output power of the intermediate-temperature (IT) solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) using lanthanum gallate electrolyte. Dispersion of nano-size metal in the cermet anode composed of Sm doped ceria (SDC) and Ni has been tried. As a source material to manufacture the novel anode, SDC powder incorporated with nano-size Ru particles was developed. In order to achieve in-situ production of hydrogen inside the cell-stack, fuel side current collectors were impregnated with catalyst metals such as Ru or Ni. It was demonstrated experimentally that the developed current collectors have high catalytic activity for steam reforming reaction of methane and also have favorable effect to increase the power density. Replacement of the dopant to ceria from Sm to Gd is also tested both for the anode and the fuel side current collector.
Surface properties and photocatalytic oxidation reactions on the hollandite-type compound K2Ga2Sn6O16 (KGSO) were examined for photoinduced hydrophilicity and oxidative decomposition of an endocrine-disrupting chemical, pentachlorophenol (C6Cl5OH, PCP), under ultraviolet (UV) illumination. The thin films and mesoporous powders of hollandite were used for examination of surface properties and photocatalysis, respectively. The photoinduced surface property was examined by measurement of the contact angle of water, ortho-chlorophenol (o-C6H4ClOH), and toluene on the surface of KGSO. The contact angle of H2O and o-C6H4ClOH decreased to 0° under UV illumination. The toluene showed little change in contact angle under UV irradiation. It is concluded that the surface of KGSO shows photoinduced hydrophilicity for H2O and aromatic compounds with hydroxyl groups (−OH). In addition, KGSO clearly showed a photo-oxidative decomposition of PCP under weak UV illumination at room temperature. The decomposition speed of C6Cl5OH on KGSO was much faster than that on previous reported nano-sized SnO2 photocatalysts. It is expected that photo-oxidative decomposition of aromatic compound will be controlled by a combination of optimum composition of the hollandite phase and control of the morphology of the hollandite particles. This suggests that hollandite would be a promising photocatalyst for decomposition of aromatic compounds in endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
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