Introduction:Trichomoniasis is a relatively neglected area of research in Sri Lanka. Given the number of infections observed, an analysis of sociodemographic characteristics of patients would be valuable in prevention.Materials and Methods:Data were collected from 359 newly registered women at a tertiary level sexually transmitted diseases clinic over a period of 18 months. Trichomoniasis was diagnosed by culture of vaginal swabs collected from the posterior fornix.Results:The prevalence of trichomoniasis in the sample was 7.2%. Of those who tested positive for trichomoniasis, 76% were in the age group of 21-45 years, 68% were married and living with a spouse and 60% were unemployed. A diagnosis of Trichomoniasis was associated with being married (OR, 1.6; CI, 0.56-4.41), age over 33 years (OR=1.3, CI, 0.55-2.9), being employed (OR, 1.3; CI, 0.56 – 2.94), having an education of less than ten years at school (OR, 3.0; CI 1.28-7.26) and not using condoms during the last sexual act (OR 2.0, CI 0.84-4.86). The risk was less among commercial sex workers (OR, 0.3, CI: 0.14-0.85), those with multiple sexual partners (OR, 0.2; CI; 0.073-0.408) and women reporting extramarital sexual relationships (OR, 0.3; CI, 0.128-0.733).Conclusions:Education on safe sex and recognition of symptoms is currently targeted at high risk groups such as commercial sex workers. Extending these programmes to the rest of the community will further reduce the risk of transmission of trichomonas.

Objective:This study was designed to compare diagnosis of trichomoniasis by culture, wet smear examination, and Giemsa stain. A modified technique was used to transport and prepare the specimen to ensure parasite viability prior to Giemsa staining.Materials and Methods:A clinic-based prospective study was carried out in association with the National STD/AIDS Control Programme over a period of 18 months. Three swabs were collected from the posterior fornix of 346 newly registered female patients for diagnosis of trichomoniasis. A wet smear was prepared using the first swab. The second swab was placed in 5 mL of 0.9% saline with three drops of 5% glucose at room temperature and centrifuged twice at a low speed prior to preparation of a Giemsa stained smear. The third swab was for culture. The three tests were performed independently. The specificity and sensitivity of the wet smear and Giemsa stain were compared to culture.Results:With culture, the prevalence of trichomoniasis was 6.9% (95% CI: 4.1–9.3%). The Giemsa-stained smear was found to be highly sensitive (100%, 95% CI: 86.2–100%) and specific (99.69%, 95% CI: 98.26–99.95%) compared to culture. The wet smear was less sensitive (95.83%, 95% CI: 79.76–99.26%) but equally specific (100%, 95% CI: 98.82–100%).Conclusion:In developing countries, facilities for using culture are limited and wet smear examination in the field is also difficult due to the immediate need for laboratory facilities. Our study demonstrated that, in this setting, using a transport medium prior to Giemsa staining is a feasible alternative, with a high-diagnostic yield.

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previously normotensive mother (systolic blood pressure of $140 mm Hg, diastolic of $90 mm Hg). Data were collected from maternal healthcare centers to antenatal clinic records. Assessment of the childs intellectual level was based on psychometric test results collected from multiple sources. Results In multivariate analyses, maternal GH (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.44 to 3.89) and pre-pregnancy obesity (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.24 to 3.89) were independent risk factors associated with MCL in addition to high parity, familial socio-economic status lower than professional and small birth weight for gestational age of the newborn. Conclusions Besides factors indicating adverse maternal health and socio-economic status during pregnancy, also maternal GH should be considered as one of the early risk factors, which may predispose to impaired cognitive development in childhood. However, replication study is needed for delineating the association between maternal GH and MCL in the offspring. Introduction Community prevalence data on RTI are sparse and it is believed to be high among low socio economic communities. This study was carried out to describe the epidemiological characteristics of selected RTI among the reproductive age women living in low socioeconomic communities within the Colombo Municipal Council (CMC). Methodology A representative sample of seven hundred and seventy women was selected using a multistage sampling procedure from fifteen randomly selected Public Health Midwives (PHMM) areas from five Municipal Districts. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain data on socicodemographic factors, economic factors, and behavioural correlates. Clinical examination of women was carried out at the Primary HealthCare clinics (PHC) of the CMC. Biological specimens were collected for laboratory diagnosis. Results Ninety-six per cent (96%) of women participated in the study. Endogenous infections and candidiasis were relatively common being (BV 8.6%, 95% CI 6.6 to 10.6, and 6.8 % 95% CI 5 to 8.6) respectively. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) were infrequent. GC -0%, CT 0.6% (95% CI 0.04 to 1.16), and TV 0.6% (95% CI 0.04 to 1.16). Of the symptom related correlates investigated, women's complaints of itching of vulva (p¼ 0.014, OR¼3.198, 95% CI 1.260 to 8.114) and vaginal discharge (p¼0.026, OR¼2.611, 95% CI 1.121 to 6.083) were statistically significantly associated with candidiasis in univariate analysis. However, this finding was not statistically significant in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion Unlike the common believe, this community based study demonstrated a low prevalence of RTI, among the urban slum dwellers in CMC. Nihon Fukushi University, Nagoya, Japan; 2 Hamamastu University school of medicine, Hamamamtsu, Japan; 3 Chiba University, Chiba, Japan P1-443 P1-444Introduction The average life expectancy of the Japanese is the highest in the world. What makes Japan different from other countries? According to International Comparison Survey in 2005, one of characteristics of Japanese elderly wa...