levels. Globally, some 1.3 billion people lack access to electricity, over 780 million people do not have reliable access to safe drinking-water and sanitation (World Bank, 2013), and it is estimated that 805 million people experience chronic undernourishment (Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO], 2014). Furthermore, it is anticipated that demand for energy, food, and water will grow strongly in the coming half-century, driven by population growth, economic growth, shifting consumption patterns, and urbanisation. By 2050, the demand for energy is expected to increase by 80 per cent, while the demand for food will increase by 60 per cent (OECD-FAO, 2014) and the demand for water by
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