Symptoms of depression and anxiety did not predict cardiac mortality after MI, but despite the negative results regarding the impact of depression on cardiac outcome, it should be stressed that this does not mean that physicians and cardiologists could ignore depression and anxiety.
Background:Atherosclerotic disease is the most important cause of mortality in the world. Oxidation is an important pathway in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) through oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and free radical formation. Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for enzymes that catalyse LDL oxidation reactions. Therefore, an evaluation of Cu in the atherosclerotic disease is important.Materials and Methods:In this study, 334 subjects without recent cardiac event and history of collagen vascular or infectious disease were investigated. All patients divided into four groups to evaluate severity of CAD according to Syntax scoring system. All groups were matched in cardiovascular risk factors.Results:The serum level of Cu was significantly higher in total atherosclerotic groups than normal group (P value = 0.001) and significantly increased with severity of atherosclerosis.Conclusion:The finding indicated that the serum level of Cu is higher in atherosclerotic patients and it increases with severity of atherosclerosis. Therefore, it may be possible that the basic relationship exist between serum Cu level and atherosclerosis and an association between Cu level and severity of atherosclerosis.
Left atrial dissection (LatD), defined as the forced separation of the left atrial (LA) wall layers by blood, is a rare and severe complication of cardiac surgery. It is most frequently associated with atrioventricular junction injuries. We report a case of infected LatD after coronary artery bypass graft, mitral valve replacement, aortic valve replacement and ascending aortic root replacement. The patient was presented with septicemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of LA dissecting flap concomitant with attached infective vegetations identified by transesophageal echocardiography.
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