A scheme|inspired from an old idea due to Mayne and Polak Math. Prog., vol. 11, 1976, pp. 67 80|is proposed for extending to general smooth constrained optimization problems a previously proposedfeasible interior-point method for inequality constrained problems. It is shown that the primal-dual interior point framework allows for a signi cantly more e ective implementation of the Mayne-Polak idea than that discussed an analyzed by the originators in the context of rst order methods of feasible direction. Strong global and local convergence results are proved under mild assumptions. In particular, the proposed algorithm does not su er the W achter-Biegler e ect.
Using continuous wave, 94-GHz millimeter-wave interferometry, a signal representing chest wall motion can be obtained that contains both the heart rate and respiration patterns of a human subject. These components have to be separated from each other in the received signal. Our method was to use the quadrature and in-phase components of the signal, after removing the mean of each, to find the phase, unwrap it, and convert it to a displacement measurement. Using this, the power spectrum was examined for peaks, which corresponded to the heart rate and respiration rate. The displacement waveform of the chest was also analyzed for discrete heartbeats using a novel wavelet decomposition technique.
Year 2005 was called international year of microcredit by United Nations. Since, micro finance has proven to be an effective tool for poverty reduction this paper argues that microfinance can be considered an important element for an effective poverty reduction strategy. It shows that access and efficient provision of microcredit can enable the poor to smooth their consumption, better manage their risks better, gradually build their assets, develop their micro enterprises, enhance their income earning capacity, and enjoy an improved quality of life. Microfinance services can also contribute to the improvement of resource allocation, promotion of markets, and adoption of better technology; thus, microfinance helps to promote economic growth and development. Also the characteristics of financial systems in developing counties will be discussed and argued that formal financial sector is not consistent with the needs and requirements of the poor and the existence of informal financial sector is a response to the shortcomings of the formal financial sector.
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