Purpose This paper aims to discover and analyze the challenges hampering blockchain technology’s (BT’s) implementation in the Indian health-care sector. A total of 18 challenges have been prioritized and modeled based on an extensive literature search and professional views. Design/methodology/approach An integrated multi-criteria decision-making approach has been used in two phases. Best worst method (BWM) is used in the first phase to prioritize the challenges with sensitivity analysis to validate the findings and eliminate a few challenges. In the second phase, interpretive structural modeling is applied to the remaining 15 challenges to obtain relative relationships among them with cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification analysis for their categorization. Findings The study’s results reveal that limited knowledge and expertise, cost and risk involved, technical issues, lack of clear regulations, resistance to change and lack of top management support are the top-ranked or high-intensity challenges according to the BWM. Interpretive structural modelling findings suggest that the lack of government initiatives has been driving other challenges with the highest driving power. Research limitations/implications This work has been conducted in the Indian context, so careful generalization of the results is needed. Practical implications This work will give health-care stakeholders a better perspective regarding blockchain’s adoption. It will help health-care stakeholders, service providers, researchers and policymakers get a glimpse of the strategies for eradicating mentioned challenges. The analysis will help reduce the challenges’ impact on blockchain’s adoption in the Indian health-care sector. Originality/value The adoption of BT is a novel concept, especially in developing countries such as India. This is one of the few works addressing the challenges to BT adoption in the Indian health-care sector.
Nowadays, demand for customized products is increasing in the era of globalization and competitiveness. But this has burdened the supply chain performance and demands for the digitalization of its operation to enhance the transparency within its operation. As supply chains are operating across regional boundaries hence, their dynamics need to be aligned with the paradigm of industry 4.0 technologies. Blockchain is one among those, which promises to enhance product traceability and bring transparency to its operation. But, the adoption of blockchain is not getting much attention, which indicates the need of an analysis of its drivers. As the avenues of information technology are getting attention, drivers of blockchain adoption are identified in this study. Furthermore, to reveal the mutual interrelationships between the drivers ISM-MICMAC analysis is exercised. Driving factors are further analyzed by the Neutrosophic-based robust ranking, resulting in the primacy of the drivers. The outcomes of the presented work substantially outrank the drivers, relative to its impact in the adoption of blockchain operations in supply chain performance systems. It provides a structured approach to managers for aligning supply chain operations with blockchain technology.
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