value-added products such as PUFA, pigments, vitamins and proteins [1,4,5,6,16].The composition and nature of neutral lipids and their fatty acids profile, particularly unsaturated including PUFA, are dependent on the cultivation parameters such as temperature, composition of medium, types of feed, light intensity etc. [4,6,[17][18][19][20]. The fatty acids profile of algal oil is comprised of C12-C24 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, which is more or less similar to those present in vegetable and fish oils [5,6,8,16]. TGs from microalgae biomasses are converted into Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) (biodiesel) by usual chemical hydrolysis followed by esterification or enzymatic transesterification [19]. Biodiesel from microalgae can be used as B100 (neat biodiesel) or blended with conventional diesel at a level of 5% (B5) or 10% (B10) or 20% (B20). Most of microalgae biomasses are rich sources of n-3 ω3 and n-6 ω6 fatty acids including C18:3 (Linolenic), C20:5 (Eicosatetraenoic Acid, EPA) and C22:6 (Docosa Hexaenoic Acid, DHA) as indicated by very high iodine value of 90 to 140 of solvent extracts [1,5,6,8,16]. Thus, biodiesel from algal oil is not an appropriate fuel for direct combustion in sensitive engines due to its high content of PUFAs (10-40 %w/w) [1,4].

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High growth rate (200 times or more than conventional vegetable crops (liter/ hectare/year). 2.Accumulate higher amounts of lipids up to 60% compared to conventional crops up to 5-7% of DW. 3.Biodiesel yield 5000-20000 gallon/acre/year compared to 50-500 gallon/acre/year for crops. 4.Microalgae can grow in non-arable land, seawater or brackish and waste industrial water with higher photosynthetic efficiency (average 3-9% sun light irradiance) and CO 2 sequestration capacity. No competition for resources with classical agriculture sources. 5.The composition of the biomass (lipids, carbohydrates or protein, neutraceuticals accumulation) can be monitored by varying the cultivation and growth parameters such as nutrients, light efficiency etc.