Because of their superior problem-solving ability, nature-inspired optimization algorithms are being regularly used in solving complex real-world optimization problems. Engineering academics have recently focused on meta-heuristic algorithms to solve various optimization challenges. Among the state-of-the-art algorithms, Differential Evolution (DE) is one of the most successful algorithms and is frequently used to solve various industrial problems. Over the previous 2 decades, DE has been heavily modified to improve its capabilities. Several DE variations secured positions in IEEE CEC competitions, establishing their efficacy. However, to our knowledge, there has never been a comparison of performance across various CEC-winning DE versions, which could aid in determining which is the most successful. In this study, the performance of DE and its eight other IEEE CEC competition-winning variants are compared. First, the algorithms have evaluated IEEE CEC 2019 and 2020 bound-constrained functions, and the performances have been compared. One unconstrained problem from IEEE CEC 2011 problem suite and five other constrained mechanical engineering design problems, out of which four issues have been taken from IEEE CEC 2020 non-convex constrained optimization suite, have been solved to compare the performances. Statistical analyses like Friedman's test and Wilcoxon's test are executed to verify the algorithm's ability statistically. Performance analysis exposes that none of the DE variants can solve all the problems efficiently. Performance of SHADE and ELSHADE-SPACMA are considerable among the methods used for comparison to solve such mechanical design problems.
The Moth flame optimization (MFO) algorithm belongs to the swarm intelligence family and is applied to solve complex real-world optimization problems in numerous domains. MFO and its variants are easy to understand and simple to operate. However, these algorithms have successfully solved optimization problems in different areas such as power and energy systems, engineering design, economic dispatch, image processing, and medical applications. A comprehensive review of MFO variants is presented in this context, including the classic version, binary types, modified versions, hybrid versions, multi-objective versions, and application part of the MFO algorithm in various sectors. Finally, the evaluation of the MFO algorithm is presented to measure its performance compared to other algorithms. The main focus of this literature is to present a survey and review the MFO and its applications. Also, the concluding remark section discusses some possible future research directions of the MFO algorithm and its variants.
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