No-tillage or zero-tillage has been adopted for years by local farmers to sustain islands-based tropical spices cropping systems across the North Maluku region. Various studies in other parts of the world have proven a remarkable effect of this practice on soil health indicated by the enhancement of soil aggregate stability and increased water infiltration. No-tillage practice, however, with the removal of plant residue might cause an increase in soil compaction. In addition, the status of soil health is not only determined by soil management factors but is also influenced by climatic factors. In tropical region, high rainfall and season fluctuation in climate may deteriorate soil health as a result of the formation of soil compaction in no-tillage soils. Soil compaction occurs due to the rapid decomposition rate of soil organic matter triggered by wetting and drying oscillation process. It is hypothesized that an increase in the level of soil compaction may potentially disturb soil health indicated by the decline in natural capacity of a soil to suppress soil-borne disease. This paper, therefore, explores how a no-tillage practice can induce soil compaction. It will also describe the mechanism of the effects of soil compaction on the reduction in soil capacity to naturally suppress soil-borne disease, which might be able to influence the sustainability of small islands-based tropical agricultural systems in North Maluku.
Pelaksanaan pendidikan pada masa pandemic Covid-19 sesaui himbauan pemerintah agar bekerja dari rumah, sehingga membutuhkan penyesuaian terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran yang harus tetap dilaksanakan. Pembelajaran secara daring memanfaatkan teknologi informasi berupa aplikasi yang dapat terhubung dengan banyak pengguna. Aplikasi yang diteliti adalah zoom. Analisis data yang dilakukan menggunakan PLS-SEM untuk melakukan pengujian terhadap Hipotesis yang telah ditentukan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh kualitas sistem dan kualitas layanan berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan zoom. Kepuasan pengguna dipengaruhi oleh kualitas informasi, kualitas sistem, kualitas layanan dan penggunaan pada zoom. Sedangkan pada penggunaan dan kepuasan pengguna menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi pengguna merasakan keuntungan dari zoom. Sehingga dapat diperoleh kesimpulan aplikasi zoom sukses dipergunakan sebagai media pembelajaran daring di Program Studi Sistem Informasi Fakultas Teknik Universitas Mulawarman.
A poor plant residue management in the nutmeg plantation system in the Ternate Island is claimed as the major factor causing the decline of soil organic carbon (SOC), and hence the low production of nutmeg. The present study was conducted with the aim of examining the relationship between SOC and plant residue removal activity in nutmeg croplands. An interview method was used to collect data from 140 farmers about their knowledge on SOC and the models of plant residue management adopted in their cropland. A snap-shot field survey was also undertaken at 14 plantation sites to collect soil samples from the depth of 0-20 cm and 20-30cm soil layer to be analyzed. The result of interview was analyzed descriptively, whilst the soil variable data were analyzed using regression models. The findings revealed that all the respondents remove plant residue from the soil surface and burned it. About 80% of the respondents applied it four times a year, whilst the rest 20% did it twice a year. The SOC content in the soils treated with the four times residue removal practice was lower than ones with less frequency of plant residue removal, and thereby has triggered the formation of subsoil compaction.
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