Kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT) merupakan metode pemisahan modern yang dapat digunakan untuk pemisahan, pemurnian dan penentuan kadar senyawa. Alkaloid merupakan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berfungsi sebagai bahan obat alami. Tumbuhan mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa Boerl.) banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan memisahkan senyawa alkaloid yang terdapat dalam buah mahkota dewa dengan metode KCKT. Buah mahkota dewa dipotong kecil-kecil, dikeringkan, lalu dimaserasi dengan metanol. Ekstrak metanol pekat diasamkan dengan asam klorida 1% sampai pH 2-3 kemudian diekstraksi dengan diklorometana-air (1:3). Fraksi air yang telah diasamkan tersebut dibasakan dengan amonium hidroksida sampai pH 9-10 kemudian diekstraksi lagi dengan diklorometana-air (1:3). Masing-masing fraksi selalu diuji kualitatif dengan pereaksi Dragendorff untuk mengetahui keberadaan alkaloidnya juga dengan kromatografi lapis tipis. Terhadap fraksi diklorometana basa dilakukan pemisahan dengan KCKT menggunakan kolom C18 (RP-18e) dan dielusi secara isokratis menggunakan fase gerak 10% asetonitril dan 90% larutan kalium dihidrogen fosfat 0,05 M dalam air (pH 3) selama 20 menit. Senyawa alkaloid yang terkandung dalam fraksi diklorometana basa pekat diperoleh enam komponen. Untuk lebih memurnikan alkaloid dilakukan fraksinasi dengan kromatografi kolom klasik menggunakan silika gel G60 dan eluen kloroform-metanol bergradien 2,5%. Fraksi 3 (dari 41 fraksi) yang diduga merupakan senyawa alkaloid standar difraksinasi lagi menggunakan ODS dengan eluen metanol-air (7:3). Terhadap fraksi 2 dan 3 (dari 20 fraksi) dilakukan kembali pemisahan dengan KCKT. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa senyawa alkaloid dalam buah mahkota dewa dapat dipisahkan dengan KCKT sehingga dihasilkan dua komponen pada fraksi 2 dan fraksi 3. Akan tetapi berdasarkan waktu retensi yang diperoleh, senyawa alkaloid tersebut bukan merupakan senyawa alkaloid standar (atropin). Kata kunci : Alkaloid, mahkota dewa, kromatografi cair
Gel pelembap kulit dapat memberikan efek lembap pada kulit. Salah satu bahan alami yang dapat dibuat sediaan gel ialah kulit putih semangka (Citrullus lanatus [Thunb.] Matsum. Nakai) karena banyak mengandung vitamin dan citrulline. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat sediaan gel dari ekstrak kulit putih semangka sebagai pelembap kulit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Tahap-tahap penelitian yaitu pengumpulan sampel, ekstraksi, formulasi sediaan gel pelembap variasi konsentrasi (0%, 1%, 2%, dan 3%), evaluasi sediaan yang meliputi organoleptik, homogenitas, daya sebar, pH, viskositas, uji iritasi dan uji kelembapan kulit. Ekstrak kental kulit putih semangka berwarna cokelat dan tidak berbau. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa seluruh formula memenuhi parameter sediaan yang baik dan tidak mengiritasi kulit. Hasil uji efektivitas kelembapan menggunakan alat skin moisture analyzer SD-320 selama 5 hari pada kulit lengan bagian dalam panelis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kelembapan kulit sebelum dan sesudah diberikan perlakuan. Persentase kenaikan kelembapan untuk F0, F1, F2, dan F3 berturut-turut adalah 8,93%, 11,52%, 10,77% dan 17,47%. Sediaan gel dari ekstrak kulit putih semangka (Citrullus lanatus [Thunb.] Matsum. Nakai) berpotensi sebagai pelembap kulit dan memenuhi standar parameter gel yang baik.
Soap is what can be used to wash hands so as to avoid bacteria that can cause diseases such as acne and boils. One of the natural ingredients in making soap is Moringa leaves. Moringa leaves are one of the plants that have antibacterial properties, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are bacteria that can cause infectious diseases such as acne and boils. The purpose of this study was to formulate hand washing liquid soap from Moringa leaf extract (Moringa oliefera Lam.), to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the preparation against Staphylococcus aureus. Moringa extract was obtained by maceration method. Furthermore, phytochemical screening was carried out, then formulated into soap preparations at concentrations of 20% (F1), 25% (F2), and 30% (F3). The preparations were evaluated and tested for activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Based on the results of the study, the yield of ethanol extract of Moringa leaves was 32.35% and contained secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. Moringa leaf ethanol extract soap formula met the requirements of all test parameters including pH test, irritation test, specific gravity test, and organoleptic test. The results of the antibacterial activity test gave an inhibition zone of 20.2 mm, 21.5 mm, and 23.2 mm, respectively. For F1, F2 and F3 against Staphylcoccus aureus.
Background: Food safety and quality studied by BPOM Indonesia in 2008-2011 showed that around 48% of hazardous substances are found in snacks of elementary school children. Throughout 2012, this percentage increased to 66.7%. Cases of chemical contamination that are still frequently found are the use of additives such as formaldehyde, borax and rhodamine B. Lack of supervision and education to children causes the possibility of consuming dangerous foods to be large thus increasing the risk to health. Objective: This activity was conducted to improve understanding, knowledge and awareness of the community, especially students about the risk of using hazardous additives in snacks. Method: Stages of community service activities include: (1) Pre-activity; (2) Implementation; and (3) Evaluation. The method used was a combination of community education and demonstration. In the core of the activity, there were three sub-activities implemented. Results: An increase in understanding hazardous additives in snacks for students was achieved. It was known that the sample circulating around school did not contain rhodamine B and borax. Futhermore, students can practice one simple way to implement clean and healthy living. Conclusion: The program provided an increase in understanding and awareness of hazardous additives in snacks for students.
Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl. or commonly called pidada fruit is one type of mangrove thatis commonly found in the coastal areas of Muara Gembong, Bekasi, West Java. Pidadacontains vitamins and secondary metabolite compounds that are beneficial for health. Thepurpose of this study was to determine the concentration of ethanolic extract, n-hexanefraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and butanol fraction of pidada fruit that could inhibit 50%absorbance of DPPH as free radical. Extraction was conducted by maceration method using96% ethanol, then fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol as therepresentatives of nonpolar, semipolar and polar solvent. This study used vitamin C andvitamin E as positive controls. The percentage of antioxidant activity was obtained from thedata absorbance. IC50 values obtained from linear regression between the concentration oftested series versus the percentage of antioxidant activity. The results showed that the ethanolextract of pidada fruit possessed very strong antioxidant activity while n-hexane fractionpossessed weak antioxidant activity, ethyl acetate fraction possessed strong antioxidantactivity, and butanol fraction possessed very weak antioxidant activity. IC50 values of ethanolextract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and butanol fraction of pidada fruit were32,58; 191,31; 96,02 and 371,16 ppm respectively.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.