Considering the unique properties of magnesium and its alloy, it has a vast demand in biomedical applications, particularly the implant material in tissue engineering due to its biodegradability. But the fixing spares must hold such implants till the end of the biodegradation of implant material. The composite technology will offer the added benefits of altering the material properties to match the requirements of the desired applications. Hence, this experimental investigation is aimed at developing a composite material for manufacturing fixing spares like a screw for implants in biomedical applications. The matrix of AZ63 magnesium alloy is reinforced with nanoparticles of zirconium (Zr) and titanium (Ti) through the stir casting-type synthesis method. The samples were prepared with equal contributions of zirconium (Zr) and titanium (Ti) nanoparticles in the total reinforcement percentage (3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%). The corrosive and tribological studies were done. In the corrosive study, the process parameters like NaCl concentration, pH value, and exposure time were varied at three levels. In the wear study, the applied Load, speed of sliding, and the distance of the slide were considered at four levels. Taguchi analysis was employed in this investigation to optimize the reinforcement and independent factors to minimize the wear and corrosive losses. The minimum wear rate was achieved in the 12% reinforced sample with the input factor levels of 60 N of load on the pin, 1 m/s of disc speed at a sliding distance was 1500 m, and the 12% reinforce samples also recorded a minimum corrosive rate of 0.0076 mm/year at the operating environment of 5% NaCl-concentrated solution with the pH value of 9 for 24 hrs of exposure. The prediction model was developed based on the experimental results.
The aluminum metal matrix composites were broadly exploited in the applications of automotive, aerospace, and other defense with functionally graded materials-related application. Above applications definitely required excellent mechanical characteristics. Therefore, in this way, the major attempt was made on the nano-based composites with aluminum alloy utilization. In this research, aluminum alloy AA8011 and the ceramic-based reinforcement particles of nano boron carbide (B4C) were selected for producing the metal matrix composites by the liquefying process or stir casting route. The weight percentage of nano boron carbide particles having 15 wt% was subjected to add into the aluminum alloy during the stir casting process. Then, processed nano boron carbide and AA8011 specimens were prepared to conduct tribological behaviors with various processing conditions like sliding velocity, setting wear temperature, and applied load by the tribometer setup. The scanning electron microscope was employed to examine the processed composites samples and worn-out surface samples. Finally, the multiobjective optimization was used to measure the individual performances of the tribological parameters by the gray relational technique.
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