Background and PurposeWhile sense of belonging is essential for human motivation, impaired belonging among nurses can impact the care and safety of patients. This article reports the development and psychometric testing of the Sense of Belonging in Nursing School (SBNS) scale to assess nursing students’ sense of belonging in three different environments: Clinical, classroom, and among the student cohort.MethodPrincipal component exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine the construct validity on the 36-item SBNS scale with a sample of 110 undergraduate nursing students. Cronbach’s alpha was used to determine the scale’s internal consistency.ResultsThe scale was reduced to 19-items with high internal consistency (α = 0.914). Principal component analysis then identified four factors (sub-scales) with high internal consistency: Clinical staff (α = 0.904), clinical instructor (α = 0.926), classroom (α = 0.902), and classmates/cohort (α = 0.952).ConclusionThe SBNS scale is a reliable and valid tool to measure sense of belonging across three environments among nursing students. Further research is needed to determine the scale’s predictive validity.
Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the gap between incivility in the workplace and academia and develop a connection to the psychosocial distress effects on the victims.Background: While incivility in nursing has reached epidemic proportions in the past decade, the current definitions of incivility are limited to the workplace or academia and lack consideration of the consequences related to the social well-being of the victim.Design: Rodgers' evolutionary method was used in this study.Data Source: Following the PRISMA guidelines, articles were reviewed from PubMed and CINAHL between 2008 to 2019. Twenty articles describing incivility faced by staff nurses, student nurses, academic faculty, and nursing administrators were included in the final analysis.Review Methods: Inductive thematic analysis was used to determine the antecedents, attributes, and consequences of incivility in nursing.Results: Findings included a culture of incivility and power gradients as antecedents.The attributes of incivility were verbal or non-verbal behaviors that demean, dismiss, or exclude the individual. Consequences of incivility are psychosocial and physiological distress.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.