Objective:This study will synthesize the available evidence on the prevalence and incidence of chemotherapy-induced taste alterations in adult cancer patients.Introduction:Taste and smell alterations in cancer patients due to chemotherapy affect patients’ quality of life and can cause malnutrition. Recent knowledge about the incidence and prevalence of chemotherapy-induced taste alterations may enable tailored food interventions for this specific population. Describing variations in taste changes in subgroups of chemotherapy is important to inform taste steering interventions.Inclusion criteria:The review will consider studies that include adult cancer patients who are receiving or have received chemotherapy as a treatment for an oncologic issue. It will include studies that investigate the prevalence and incidence of chemotherapy-induced taste alterations that have been assessed objectively or subjectively by patient-reported outcomes.Methods:A systematic search will be performed of the following databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL (Ovid), Embase, and OpenSIGLE. Analytical, observational, and cross-sectional studies will be considered. All studies will undergo critical appraisal, data extraction, and synthesis. Data will be extracted using the JBI standardized data extraction tool for prevalence and incidence. Type and frequency of treatment and cytostatic agent will be extracted. The population will be described by age and gender. In addition, study methods and proportions of interest to the review question will be extracted. Pooled prevalence estimates will be calculated using a random effects model.Systematic review:PROSPERO CRD42020136706
Purpose: Taste and smell alterations are known side-effects of an oncological treatment with chemotherapy and can cause reduced food intake and lead to malnutrition and cachexia. ESPEN guidelines state that organizations should foresee a protocol to identify patients at nutritional risk and that screening should be available for all patients. The Chemotherapy-induced Taste alteration Scale (CiTAS) is described as a self -reported scale with a high reliability and validity. The aim of this study is to make a back translation and validation of the Chemotherapy-Induced Taste Alteration Scale in Dutch.Methods: The evaluation instrument was constructed in a three-phased project. First, the Japanese version was backtranslated to Dutch and piloted in a cognitive interview. In a second phase, a Delphi procedure was followed. Context validity and Cronbach’s alpha were calculated. In a third phase comfirmatory analysis was tested.Results and conclusion: The overall Cronbach’s alpha was 0.89. The convergent and discriminant validity show us that the items that should be related indeed are, like the items in the construct and that items that shouldn’t, are not, as between the constructs. The scale was successfully backward translated and validated in Dutch and is ready to be used to screen Dutch speaking cancer patients with chemotherapy as a treatment for their cancer diagnosis. This version of CiTAS can be implemented in the Flemish speaking part of Belgium and in the Netherlands.
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