Reading and writing experimental-research papers is important to academic and processional success in the sciences and social sciences, and is becoming increasingly important in the humanities. Few ESL teachers, however, feel comfortable teaching ESL students to read and write such papers. This paper presents both a discussion of experimental-research paper organization and a method for teaching reading and writing of experimental-research articles to ESL students. ESL teachers are advised to teach students to analyze the reading purpose first, and then to select a reading strategy to meet that purpose. Activities must be structured so that students move from teacher-supplied data to student-collected data. 333I I

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This Australian case study explored the implementation of strategies to support the development of a positive school culture among whole school staff. A participatory action research approach was used to involve leadership staff in the development of a mixed method assessment of the school organisation. Baseline data from the School Organisational Health Questionnaire (n ¼ 28) and qualitative data from focus groups (n ¼ 15) were collected and presented to the leadership team who identified four foci for the study: appraisal and recognition, participative decisionmaking, professional growth and supportive leadership. After a range of interventions, findings from both post-test surveys (n ¼ 22) and qualitative data (n ¼ 30) suggested a change in leadership style was a key factor of school cultural change across all factors. The case study highlights a number of visible strategies that were employed to increase morale and improve staff wellbeing.

The substantial nationwide investment in inpatient palliative care services stems from their great promise to improve patient-centered outcomes and reduce costs. However, robust experimental evidence of these benefits is lacking. The Randomized Evaluation of Default Access to Palliative Services (REDAPS) study is a pragmatic, stepped-wedge, cluster randomized trial designed to test the efficacy and costs of specialized palliative care consultative services for hospitalized patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dementia, or end-stage renal disease, as well as the overall effectiveness of ordering such services by default. Additional aims are to identify the types of services that are most beneficial and the types of patients most likely to benefit, including comparisons between ward and intensive care unit patients. We hypothesize that patient-centered outcomes can be improved without increasing costs by simply changing the default option for palliative care consultation from opt-in to opt-out for patients with life-limiting illnesses. Patients aged 65 years or older are enrolled at 11 hospitals using an integrated electronic health record. As a pragmatic trial designed to enroll between 12,000 and 15,000 patients, eligibility is determined using a validated, electronic health record-based algorithm, and all outcomes are captured via the electronic health record and billing systems data. The time at which each hospital transitions from control, opt-in palliative care consultation to intervention, opt-out consultation is randomly assigned. The primary outcome is a composite measure of in-hospital mortality and length of stay. Secondary outcomes include palliative care process measures and clinical and economic outcomes. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02505035).

In this paper we report on a study of the implementation of handheld game consoles (HGCs)