The objective of this study is to inventory the tree species in the urban forestry of Humaitá district, which is an urban-planning model in the city of Rio de Janeiro. We aim to evaluate the phytosanitary status of each tree, potential popular uses and damages caused by trees to the infrastructure. Data collection was based on inventoring the trees on streets and squares of the neighborhood. Trees were identified and classified based on plant health, spinning damage, pavement damage, origin of the species and social use. In total, we sampled 1,203 individuals belonging to 88 species and 32 families. The most abundant species were Pachira aquatica and Terminalia catappa. Fabaceae and Arecaceae were the most commonly cultivated plant families. In total, 67% of the recorded species and 83% of the individuals registered were exotic. Licania tomentosa was the most damaging species to electric wires. Licania tomentosa and Ficus benjamina were the most damaging species to pavement. We conclude that few trees species are damaging the infrastructure. From a biodiversity perspective, there are too many exotic species and a lack of native species, as urban afforestation has strong impact on natural ecosystems of the City.
The Atlantic Forest and Cerrado are domains of Brazil. We should pay more attention to the lesser assessed points in these biomes, as well as to their rocky outcrops. These sites are under great anthropogenic pressure due to the mineral exploitation present. This results in environmental degradation and loss of species that have not yet been studied. In the present study we aimed to characterize the structure and composition of a rocky outcrop in order to provide aids for the creation of protected areas and on the adoption of management techniques in areas degraded by mining activities. In total, we surveyed vegetation and environmental conditions in 10 plots (50 x 2m) allocated in the Environmental Protection Area of Pedra Branca Ecological Sanctuary, MG. We found 60 species distributed within 30 families and 52 genera, and diversity of 2.83 nats/ind. The most important family was Orchidaceae, which was followed by Poaceae, Polypodiaceae, Bromeliaceae and Piperace. The most important species were Cyperus coriifolius, Brasiliorchis picta, Tibouchina heteromalla, Paspalum notatum and Aechmea distichantha. The area has a higher Shannon diversity index (H’) than other quartzite outcrops.
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