Diabetes is a common age-dependent complication of cystic fibrosis (CF) that is strongly influenced by modifier genes. We conducted a genome-wide association study in 3,059 individuals with CF (644 with CF-related diabetes [CFRD]) and identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within and 5′ to the SLC26A9 gene that associated with CFRD (hazard ratio [HR] 1.38; P = 3.6 × 10−8). Replication was demonstrated in 694 individuals (124 with CFRD) (HR, 1.47; P = 0.007), with combined analysis significant at P = 9.8 × 10−10. SLC26A9 is an epithelial chloride/bicarbonate channel that can interact with the CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR), the protein mutated in CF. We also hypothesized that common SNPs associated with type 2 diabetes also might affect risk for CFRD. A previous association of CFRD with SNPs in TCF7L2 was replicated in this study (P = 0.004; combined analysis P = 3.8 × 10−6), and type 2 diabetes SNPs at or near CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, and IGF2BP2 were associated with CFRD (P < 0.004). These five loci accounted for 8.3% of the phenotypic variance in CFRD onset and had a combined population-attributable risk of 68%. Diabetes is a highly prevalent complication of CF, for which susceptibility is determined in part by variants at SLC26A9 (which mediates processes proximate to the CF disease-causing gene) and at four susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes in the general population.
is the scholarly communication librarian at the University of Central Florida. In her role, she provides copyright education and publishing support, in addition to promoting awareness of scholarly communication issues among faculty and students.
As a senior at Portland State University I have been exposed to many real-life
USSTRATCOM-GISC Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Attacks on the nation's networks are increasing exponentially, as is a growing dependency on cyberspace. It is imperative that the nation's critical infrastructure is protected, especially telecommunications, financial systems, the water supply, electrical grids, and transportation. Currently, the private industry owns 85 percent of the nation's critical infrastructure, while the U.S. government owns only 15 percent. Thus, the U.S. government must work with the private industry to create a collaboration that will protect and defend cyberspace. Many experts emphasize the need to secure the nation's cyber domain, but also acknowledge that actually doing so will probably not occur until there is a cyber disaster, such as a cyber 9/11. The report focuses on discussing the legal barriers to collaboration between the U.S. government and the private sector. Initially, a list of over 30 bodies of law pertaining to cyberspace were compiled, but the focus was narrowed to include only those dealing specifically with collaboration. Non-legal barriers that hinder collaboration, including information-sharing, data classification, and differing motivations and culture are also addressed.
Like many academic libraries, the University of Central Florida (UCF) Libraries has faced the difficult challenge of ensuring access to information and supporting the research, scholarship, and teaching needs of faculty, staff, and students during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Copyright and licensing matters have played a key role as the UCF Libraries has helped faculty and students navigate the rapid transition from face-to-face courses to online and conducting academic work in a wholly online environment. This article provides a case study of how the UCF Libraries developed an expanded suite of copyright support services and resources in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It will explore how each of these services or resources provided specific support to faculty and students in teaching and learning. Services and resources developed in consultation with the Office of General Counsel include a detailed research guide with information about remote access to resources, including temporary access to licensed content from publishers; a series of professional development online workshops on topics such as copyright, fair use, and emergency circumstances and library support for course materials; and additional opportunities for individual consultation support through virtual office hours and other modes of communication, such as chat, email, and phone. The aim of this article is to provide academic libraries with examples of copyright services from a large metropolitan library during COVID-19 so that they can be used as a model when implementing copyright support at their respective institutions during these exigent circumstances and beyond.
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